Hamostaseologie 2023; 43(05): 325-337
DOI: 10.1055/a-2101-5936
Review Article

Potentials of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells: Applications in Hemostasis and Thrombosis Disorders, from Unveiling Disease Pathophysiology to Cell Therapy

Das Potential von endothelialen koloniebildenden Zellen: Anwendungen bei hämostatischen und thrombotischen Störungen, von der Aufklärung der Pathophysiologie von Krankheiten bis zur Zelltherapie
Nadine Schwarz
1   Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
,
Hamideh Yadegari
1   Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract

Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are endothelial progenitor cells circulating in a limited number in peripheral blood. They can give rise to mature endothelial cells (ECs) and, with intrinsically high proliferative potency, contribute to forming new blood vessels and restoring the damaged endothelium in vivo. ECFCs can be isolated from peripheral blood or umbilical cord and cultured to generate large amounts of autologous ECs in vitro. Upon differentiation in culture, ECFCs are excellent surrogates for mature ECs showing the same phenotypic, genotypic, and functional features. In the last two decades, the ECFCs from various vascular disease patients have been widely used to study the diseases' pathophysiology ex vivo and develop cell-based therapeutic approaches, including vascular regenerative therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy. In the current review, we will provide an updated overview of past studies, which have used ECFCs to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hemostatic disorders in basic research. Additionally, we summarize preceding studies demonstrating the utility of ECFCs as cellular tools for diagnostic or therapeutic clinical applications in thrombosis and hemostasis.

Zusammenfassung

Endotheliale koloniebildene Zellen (endothelial colony forming cells, ECFCs) sind endotheliale Vorläuferzellen, die in begrenzter Zahl im peripheren Blut zirkulieren. Sie unterstützen das Wachstum adulter Endothelzellen (ECs), haben ein hohes intrinsisches Proliferationspotential und tragen zur Neubildung von Blutgefäßen und Reparatur von Geweben in vivo bei. ECFCs können aus peripherem oder Nabelschnurblut isoliert werden und können in vitro in großen Mengen als autologe ECs kultiviert werden. Nach Differenzierung in Kultur liefern ECFCs einen exzellenten Ersatz für adulte Endothelzellen, da sie dieselben phenotypischen, genotypischen, und funktionellen Eigenschaften besitzen. In den letzten zwanzig Jahren wurden ECFCs von Patienten mit verschiedenen vaskulären Erkrankungen ex vivo verwendet, um die Pathophysiologie von Krankheiten zu studieren und Zell-basierte therapeutische Ansätze wie vaskuläre regenerative Therapie, tissue engineering, oder Gentherapie zu entwickeln. In diesem Review geben wir eine Übersicht über vergangene Studien, in denen ECFCs zur Aufklärung molekularer Mechanismen, die der Pathogenese hämostaseologischer Erkrankungen unterliegen, in der Grundlagenforschung verwendet wurden. Außerdem zeigen wir eine Zusammenfassung vorangehender Studien, die den Nutzen von ECFCs als zelluläres Werkzeug für Diagnose oder Therapie im klinischen Feld von Thrombose und Hämostase demonstrieren.

Keywords

endothelial cells - endothelial colony-forming cells - ex vivo model - von Willebrand disease - thrombosis

Schlüsselwörter

Endothelzellen - endotheliale koloniebildene Zellen - ex vivo Modell - von Willebrand Syndrom - Thrombose


Publication History

Received: 06 April 2023

Accepted: 25 May 2023

Article published online:
19 October 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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