RSS-Feed abonnieren
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715865
Insight View on Pandemic COVID-19: Worldwide Perspective with Homoeopathic Management through Repertorial Analysis
Abstract
The current outbreak of novel corona virus that began in China, created massive disaster worldwide resulting in thousands of deaths and enormous impact on health system and economic. This viral infection facilitates damage of alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells of lung caused by cytokine storm and deregulated immune responses and transmitted rapidly through the droplet infection via cough, sneeze and through contact. The reporting spectrum ranges from asymptomatic cases to symptomatic manifestations, fever, cough and shortness of breath with high-risk potential in systemic associated diseases of cardiovascular, diabetes and hypertension. The global impact of COVID-19 has been profound and the public health threat, it represents, is the most serious picture seen in a respiratory virus since the 1918 H1N1 influenza pandemic. As of now there are no vaccines or medicines approved for the SARS-CoV-2 infection; it is the time to look for other possible measures which can be possibly undertaken to combat the crisis. Keeping in mind this current scenario, there is a need to adopt an integrative approach in public health-care system and include complementary and alternative medicines in designing roadmap in battle against this malady. One of peculiar aspect of homoeopathy is individualisation. There is an inter-individual variation in reaction to a stimulus. Clinical presentation in a disease is significantly determined by the host immunogenetic mechanisms. Homoeopathy treatment is done on the basis of symptoms of the patient; this concept is relevant when we deal with the new diseases. As homoeopathic medicines stimulate the body's own defence mechanism rather than directly attacking specific pathogens, they have much to offer in the treatment of viral diseases. In this review, authors have collected symptoms from previous studies done in conventional medicine and homoeopathy. These symptoms are repertorised from two general and two clinical repertories. Frequently appearing medicines are examined with their symptoms in context of influenza-like illness. The review concludes with the key learning points about epidemiology, clinical features, prevention and homoeopathic management of COVID-19.
Keywords
COVID-19 - different repertories - homoeopathy - indicated medicines - pandemic - SARS-CoV-2.Financial Support
Nil.
Publikationsverlauf
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
04. September 2020
© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
-
References
- 1 Woo PC, Huang Y, Lau SK, Yuen KY. Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis. Viruses 2010; 2 (08) 1804-1820
- 2 Fehr AR, Perlman S. Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1282: 1-23
- 3 McIntosh K, Becker WB, Chanock RM. Growth in suckling-mouse brain of “IBV-like” viruses from patients with upper respiratory tract disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1967; 58 (06) 2268-2273
- 4 Bradburne AF, Bynoe ML, Tyrrell DA. Effects of a “new” human respiratory virus in volunteers. BMJ 1967; 3 (5568): 767-769
- 5 Hamre D, Procknow JJ. A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1966; 121 (01) 190-193
- 6 van der Hoek L, Pyrc K, Jebbink MF. , et al. Identification of a new human coronavirus. Nat Med 2004; 10 (04) 368-373
- 7 Woo PC, Lau SK, Lam CS. , et al. Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus. J Virol 2012; 86 (07) 3995-4008
- 8 Neuman BW, Adair BD, Yoshioka C. , et al. Supramolecular architecture of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus revealed by electron cryomicroscopy. J Virol 2006; 80 (16) 7918-7928
- 9 Guan Y, Zheng BJ, He YQ. , et al. Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science 2003; 302 (5643): 276-278
- 10 Ge XY, Li JL, Yang XL. , et al. Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor. Nature 2013; 503 (7477): 535-538
- 11 Lau SK, Woo PC, Li KS. , et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102 (39) 14040-14045
- 12 Li W, Shi Z, Yu M. , et al. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 2005; 310 (5748): 676-679
- 13 Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367 (19) 1814-1820
- 14 Raj VS, Mou H, Smits SL. , et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC. Nature 2013; 495 (7440): 251-254
- 15 Azhar EI, El-Kafrawy SA, Farraj SA. , et al. Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus. N Engl J Med 2014; 370 (26) 2499-2505
- 16 van Boheemen S, de Graaf M, Lauber C. , et al. Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans. MBio 2012; 3 (06) e00473-e12
- 17 World Health Organization official updates. Corona Virus disease 2019. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4 . Last accessed on June 24, 2020
- 18 Zu ZY, Jiang MD, Xu PP. , et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a perspective from China. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 21] Radiology 2020; 296 (02) E15-E25
- 19 Bárcena M, Oostergetel GT, Bartelink W. , et al. Cryo-electron tomography of mouse hepatitis virus: Insights into the structure of the coronavirion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106 (02) 582-587
- 20 Centers for Disease control and Prevention. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html . Last accessed on June 24, 2020
- 21 World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 46. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200306-sitrep-46-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=96b04adf_4 . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 22 Srivastava N, Baxi P, Ratho RK, Saxena SK. Global Trends in Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 2020 ; 9–21. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-4814-7_2
- 23 World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Dashboard. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=CjwKCAjwltH3BRB6EiwAhj0IUNdHwXs-58T-KopPS7Fh4dbxrXXyTlKu2WoF_vAsnKH7HmNujCPBfRoCIuUQAvD_BwE . Last accessed on July 13, 2020
- 24 Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Update on Novel Coronavirus: one positive case reported in Kerala. Available from: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1601095 . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 25 Sharma J, Dhiman K, Dhiman Damit, Bhardwaj S. Covid-19: outbreak of a new pandemic. EJPMR 2020; 7 (06) 845-858
- 26 Kaushik S, Kaushik S, Sharma Y, Kumar R, Yadav JP. The Indian perspective of COVID-19 outbreak. VirusDis 2020; 31: 146-153
- 27 Gov My. COVID 19 Dashboard. (Internet). Available from: https://www.mygov.in/covid-19 . Last accessed on July 13, 2020
- 28 Lai MM, Baric RS, Makino S. , et al. Recombination between nonsegmented RNA genomes of murine coronaviruses. J Virol 1985; 56 (02) 449-456
- 29 Lu R, Zhao X, Li J. , et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 2020; 395 (10224): 565-574
- 30 Marra MA, Jones SJ, Astell CR. , et al. The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus. Science 2003; 300 (5624): 1399-1404
- 31 Kuba K, Imai Y, Rao S. , et al. A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nat Med 2005; 11 (08) 875-879
- 32 Yang P, Gu H, Zhao Z. , et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mediates influenza H7N9 virus-induced acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 7027
- 33 Zou Z, Yan Y, Shu Y. , et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from lethal avian influenza A H5N1 infections. Nat Commun 2014; 5: 3594
- 34 Biswas A, Bhattacharjee U, Chakrabarti AK, Tewari DN, Banu H, Dutta S. Emergence of novel coronavirus and COVID-19: whether to stay or die out?. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46 (02) 182-193
- 35 Nile SH, Nile A, Qiu J, Li L, Jia X, Kai G. COVID-19: Pathogenesis, cytokine storm and therapeutic potential of interferons. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 53: 66-70
- 36 Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Napoli RD. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020
- 37 Zu ZY, Jiang MD, Xu PP. , et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China. Radiological Society of North America [Internet]. Radiology. Radiological Society of North America; 2020. doi/10.1148/radiol.2020200490
- 38 World Health Organization. Modes of Transmission of Virus Causing COVID -19: Implications for IPC Precaution Recommendations. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations . Last accessed on June 24, 2020
- 39 Guo ZD, Wang ZY, Zhang SF. , et al. Aerosol and surface distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in hospital wards, Wuhan, China, 2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26 (07) 1583-1591
- 40 Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG. , et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 2020; 579 (7798): 270-273
- 41 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Groups at Higher Risk for Severe Illness. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/groups-at-higher-risk.html . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 42 Liu S, Zhang M, Yang L. , et al. Prevalence and patterns of tobacco smoking among Chinese adult men and women: findings of the 2010 national smoking survey. J Epidemiol Community Health 2017; 71 (02) 154-161
-
43
Cai G.
Tobacco-Use Disparity in Gene Expression of ACE2, the Receptor of 2019-nCov. Preprints 2020, 2020020051. doi: 10.20944/preprints202002.0051.v1
- 44 Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Qin Q. Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures. J Med Virol 2020; 92 (06) 568-576
- 45 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Symptoms of Coronavirus. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 46 Huang C, Wang Y, Li X. , et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; 395 (10223): 497-506
- 47 Shahriarirad R, Khodamoradi Z, Erfani A. , et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in the South of Iran. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20 (01) 427
- 48 Padhi A, Kumar S, Gupta E, Saxena SK. Laboratory Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). 2020: 95-107 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4814-7_9
- 49 Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, Stratton CW. Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19: current issues and challenges. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58 (06) 512-520
- 50 World Health Organization. Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117 . Last Accessed on June 25, 2020
- 51 Human Diagnostics Worldwide. Fact sheet: Main laboratory abnormalities associated with COVID-19. Available from: https://www.human.de/fileadmin/content/Other/20200323_Coronavirus/200323_covid-19_laboratory_abnormalities.pdf . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 52 He JL, Luo L, Luo ZD. , et al. Diagnostic performance between CT and initial real-time RT-PCR for clinically suspected 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients outside Wuhan, China. Respir Med 2020; 168: 105980
- 53 Xu X, Yu C, Qu J. , et al. Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47 (05) 1275-1280
- 54 Medical News Today. COVID-19: occupational groups that are at high risk. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/covid-19-occupational-groups-that-are-at-high-risk . Last accessed on May 15, 2020
- 55 Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS. , et al. for the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus Management and Research Team, Evidence-Based Medicine Chapter of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care (CPAM). A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version). Mil Med Res 2020; 7 (01) 4
- 56 Signer RAJ, Warshaw G. The power of social distancing. Signer laboratory. Available from: https://robertsigner.wordpress.com/coronavirus/ . Last accessed on May 15, 2020
- 57 News UN. COVID-19: Lockdown across India, in line with WHO guidance. March 24, 2020. Available from: https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1060132 . Last accessed on June 26, 2020
- 58 Gordis L. Epidemiology. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013: 26-27 . Available from: https://www.elsevier.com/books/epidemiology/gordis/978-1-4557-3733-8 . Last accessed on June 26, 2020
- 59 BBC News. Coronavirus: some scientists say UK virus strategy is ‘risking lives’. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-51892402 . Last accessed on March 14, 2020
- 60 Altsteder A. Infect everyone: how herd immunity could work for poor countries. Bloomberg. April 22, 2020. Available from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-21/a-herd-immunity-strategy-could-actually-work-in-youthful-india . Last accessed on June 27, 2020
- 61 Randolph HE, Barreiro LB. Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19. Immunity 2020; 52 (05) 737-741 . Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.012 (PMID: . (Last accessed on 26 June 2020))
- 62 Rolander N, Daly C. Sweden's top epidemiologist at a loss to explain why herd immunity is going ‘surprisingly slow’. Bloomberg. June 17, 2020. Available from: https://fortune.com/2020/06/17/sweden-herd-immunity-surprisingly-slow/ . Last accessed on June 18, 2020
- 63 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. COVID-19 situation update worldwide. May 1, 2020. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/geographicaldistribution-2019-ncov-cases . Last accessed on May 25, 2020
- 64 Tang JW, Tambyah PA, Hui DSC. Emergence of a novel coronavirus causing respiratory illness from Wuhan, China. J Infect 2020; 80 (03) 350-371
- 65 Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X. , et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020; 395 (10223): 507-513
- 66 Chu CM, Cheng VCC, Hung IFN. , et al. HKU/UCH SARS Study Group. Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings. Thorax 2004; 59 (03) 252-256
- 67 Momattin H, Al-Ali AY, Al-Tawfiq JA. A systematic review of therapeutic agents for the treatment of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Travel Med Infect Dis 2019; 30: 9-18
- 68 Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L. , et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res 2020; 30 (03) 269-271
- 69 Agostini ML, Andres EL, Sims AC. , et al. Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease. MBio 2018; 9 (02) e00221-e18
- 70 Holshue ML, DeBolt C, Lindquist S. , et al. Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team. First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States. N Engl J Med 2020; 382 (10) 929-936
- 71 Morse JS, Lalonde T, Xu S, Liu WR. Learning from the past: possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV. ChemBioChem 2020; 21 (05) 730-738
- 72 National Herald. COVID-19: ‘Magic medicine’ of Jaipur's hospital cures 3 patients, draws attention in medical world. 2020. (Internet). Available from: https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/covid-19-magic-medicine-of-jaipurs-hospital-cures-3-patients-draws-attention-in-medical-world . Last accessed on May 26, 2020
- 73 World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected. (Internet). Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/clinical-management-of-severe-acuterespiratory-infection-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected . Last accessed May 30, 2020
- 74 World's First Double-Lung Transplant for COVID-19 Infection Succeeds in China-Global Times. (Internet). Available from: https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1181228.shtml . Last accessed on Mar 26, 2020
- 75 Gidengil CA, Parker AM, Zikmund-Fisher BJ. Trends in risk perceptions and vaccination intentions: a longitudinal study of the first year of the H1N1 pandemic. Am J Public Health 2012; 102 (04) 672-679
- 76 Yuan H, Ma Q, Ye L, Piao G. The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products. Molecules 2016; 21 (05) 559
- 77 Valeri A, Pomposelli R. Extra-hospital Homoeopathic treatment of symptomatic patients COVID- 19: Summary of remedies and sequences of remedies in 62 consecutive Italian cases. 2020 . Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342013965_Extrahospital_homeopathic_treatment_of_symptomatic_patients_COVID_19_Summary_of_remedies_and_sequences_of_remedies_in_62_consecutive_Italian_cases . Accessed on 11 August 2020
- 78 Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH. Guidelines for Ayurveda practitioners for COVID19. 2020 . Available from: https://www.ayush.gov.in/docs/ayurved-guidlines.pdf . Last accessed on June 22, 2020
- 79 Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH. Guidelines for Naturopathy practitioners for COVID19. 2020 . Available from: https://www.ayush.gov.in/docs/naturopathy-guidelines.pdf . Last accessed on June 22, 2020
- 80 Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH. Guidelines for Yoga practitioners for COVID19. 2020 . Available from: https://www.ayush.gov.in/docs/yoga-guidelines.pdf . Last accessed on June 22, 2020
- 81 Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH. Guidelines for Unani practitioners for COVID19. 2020 . Available from: https://www.ayush.gov.in/docs/unani-guidelines.pdf . Last accessed on June 22, 2020
- 82 Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH. Guidelines for Homoeopathic practitioners for COVID19. 2020 . Available from: https://www.ayush.gov.in/docs/Homoeopathy-guidelines.pdf . Last accessed on June 22, 2020
- 83 Gupta J, Rao MP, Raju K. , et al. Management of early years of simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis with pre-defined homoeopathic medicines – a prospective observational study with 2-years follow-up. Int J High Dilution Res. 2019; 18: 47-62
- 84 Chaudhary A, Khurana A. A review on the role of homoeopathy in epidemics with some reflections on COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2020; 14: 100-109
- 85 Jacobs J. Homeopathic prevention and management of epidemic diseases. Homeopathy 2018; 107 (03) 157-160
- 86 Chakraborty P, Lamba C, Nayak D. , et al. Effect of individualized homoeopathic treatment in influenza like illness: a multicenter, single blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. Indian J Res Homoeopath 2013; 7: 22-30
- 87 Mathie RT, Baitson ES, Frye J, Nayak C, Manchanda RK, Fisher P. Homeopathic treatment of patients with influenza-like illness during the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic in India. Homoeopathy 2013; 102: 187-92
- 88 Siqueira CM, Homsani F, da Veiga VF. , et al. Homeopathic medicines for prevention of influenza and acute respiratory tract infections in children: blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Homeopathy 2016; 105 (01) 71-77
- 89 Bellavite P, Signorini A, Marzotto M, Moratti E, Bonafini C, Olioso D. Cell sensitivity, non-linearity and inverse effects. Homeopathy 2015; 104 (02) 139-160
- 90 Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy. Homoeopathic Perspectives in Covid-19 Coronavirus Infection Fact Sheet. [Internet]. Available from: https://www.ccrhindia.nic.in//admnis/admin/showimg.aspx?ID=15676 . Last accessed on June 26, 2020
- 91 To KLA, Fok YYY. Homeopathic clinical features of 18 patients in COVID-19 outbreaks in Hong Kong. Homeopathy 2020; DOI: Doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710545.
- 92 Sankaran R, Kasariyans A. Homoeopathy for Coronavirus Covid-19 Infection. Hpathy.com. 2020 . Available from: https://hpathy.com/homeopathy-papers/homeopathy-for-coronavirus-covid-19-infection/ . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 93 Collecting clinical experience of Homoeopathic support in COVID-19. Liga Medicorum Homoeopathica Internationalis (LMHI) Newsletter; (11). Available from: http://www.lmhi.org/Article/Detail/4403 . Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 94 Archibel. RADAR 10 (Internet). Archibel Homoeopathic Software. Isnes, Belgium: Archibel; 2018. . Available from: http://www.archibel.com/ (PMID: . Last accessed on June 26, 2020)
- 95 Boger CM. Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica. Available from: http://homeoint.org/books2/bogersyn/mmapiaru.htm# . Last accessed on May 30, 2020
- 96 Boericke W. Homoeopathic Materia Medica. Available from: http://homeoint.org/books/boericmm/index.htm . Last accessed on May 30, 2020
- 97 Kent JT. Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica. Available from: http://www.homeoint.org/books3/kentmm/ . Last accessed on May 5, 2020
- 98 Clarke JH. A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica. Available from: http://homeoint.org/clarke/a.htm . Last accessed on May 30, 2020
- 99 World Health Organization. Global Report on Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 2019 . Available from: https://www.who.int/traditional-complementary-integrativemedicine/ WHO Global Report on Traditional and Complementary Medicine2019.pdf?ua=1. Last accessed on June 25, 2020
- 100 Mathur M, Kapoor A. A review on immunomodulatory response of homoeopathic medicines through cytokine induction as evidenced in in vivo and in vitro studies. Indian J Res Homeopath 2020; 14: 122-128
- 101 Prajapati S. Isopathic remedy prepared from convalescent plasma as a therapeutic option for COVID-19?. Homeopathy 2020; DOI: Doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1714061.