Intra-arterial Stroke Management

Ethan A. Prince; Sun Ho Ahn; Gregory M. Soares

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1353481

Seminars in Interventional Radiology, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Semin intervent Radiol 2013; 30(03): 282-287
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1353481

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Intra-arterial Stroke Management

Autor*innen

Ethan A. Prince

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Sun Ho Ahn

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Gregory M. Soares

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island

Abstract

Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the United States. Cerebral neuronal death begins within minutes after threshold values of blood oxygen saturation are crossed. Prompt restoration of oxygenated blood flow into ischemic tissue remains the common goal of reperfusion strategies. This article provides a brief overview of acute ischemic stroke, a summary of the major intra-arterial stroke therapy trials, and comments on current training requirements for the performance of intra-arterial therapies.

Keywords

ischemic stroke - intervention - thrombolysis - thrombectomy - interventional radiology

Volltext

Referenzen

References
1 Gorelick PB. The burden and management of TIA and stroke in government-funded healthcare programs. Am J Manag Care 2009; 15 (6, Suppl): S177-S184
2 Cloft HJ, Rabinstein A, Lanzino G, Kallmes DF. Intra-arterial stroke therapy: an assessment of demand and available work force. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30 (3) 453-458
3 Lackland DT, Elkind MS, D'Agostino Sr R , et al; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Inclusion of stroke in cardiovascular risk prediction instruments: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012; 43 (7) 1998-2027
4 Adams Jr HP, del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ , et al; American Heart Association; American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council; Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups. Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists. Stroke 2007; 38 (5) 1655-1711
5 Cronin CA. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator for stroke: a review of the ECASS III results in relation to prior clinical trials. J Emerg Med 2010; 38 (1) 99-105
6 Aviv RI, Mandelcorn J, Chakraborty S , et al. Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scoring of CT perfusion in early stroke visualization and assessment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28 (10) 1975-1980
7 Sillanpaa N, Saarinen JT, Rusanen H , et al. The clot burden score, the Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale, the cerebral blood volume ASPECTS, and two novel imaging parameters in the prediction of clinical outcome of ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy. Neuroradiology 2012; 54 (7) 663-672
8 Boxerman JJ, Jayaraman MV, Mchan WA, Rogg JM, Haas RA. Clinical stroke penumbra: use of National Institutes of Health Stroke scale as a surrogate for CT perfusion in patient triage for intra-arterial middle cerebral artery stroke therapy. Am J Neuroradial 2012; 33 (10) 1893-1900
9 Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E , et al; ECASS Investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2008; 359 (13) 1317-1329
10 Ma H, Parsons MW, Christensen S , et al; EXTEND investigators. A multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase III study to investigate EXtending the time for Thrombolysis in Emergency Neurological Deficits (EXTEND). Int J Stroke 2012; 7 (1) 74-80
11 Adams Jr HP, Davis PH, Leira EC , et al. Baseline NIH Stroke Scale score strongly predicts outcome after stroke: A report of the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST). Neurology 1999; 53 (1) 126-131
12 Ahn S, Prince E, Dubel G. Basic neuroangiography: review of technique and perioperative patient care. Semin Intervent Radiol 2013; 30 (3) 225-233
13 Nahab F, Walker GA, Dion JE, Smith WS. Safety of periprocedural heparin in acute ischemic stroke endovascular therapy: the multi MERCI trial. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2012; 21 (8) 790-793
14 del Zoppo GJ, Higashida RT, Furlan AJ , et al. PROACT: a phase II randomized trial of recombinant pro-urokinase by direct arterial delivery in acute middle cerebral artery stroke. PROACT Investigators. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. Stroke 1998; 29 (1) 4-11
15 Furlan A, Higashida RT, Wechsler L , et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 282: 2003-2011
16 Fields JD, Lutsep HL, Smith WS , MERCI Multi MERCI Investigators. Higher degrees of recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke are associated with improved outcome and decreased mortality: pooled analysis of the MERCI and Multi MERCI trials. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32 (11) 2170-2174
17 Sugimoto K, Hofmann LV, Razavi MK , et al. The safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics of low-dose alteplase compared with urokinase for catheter-directed thrombolysis of arterial and venous occlusions. J Vasc Surg 2003; 37 (3) 512-517
18 Hui FK, Yim J, Spiotta AM, Hussain MS, Toth G. Intermediate catheter injections in close segments during acute stroke intervention: a cautionary note. J Neurointerv Surg 2012; 4 (6) e39
19 Miteff F, Faulder KC, Goh AC, Steinfort BS, Sue C, Harrington TJ. Mechanical thrombectomy with a self-expanding retrievable intracranial stent (Solitaire AB): experience in 26 patients with acute cerebral artery occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32 (6) 1078-1081
20 The National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic Stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995; 333 (24) 1581-1587
21 Diener HC, Ringelstein EB, von Kummer R , et al; Therapy of Patients With Acute Stroke (TOPAS) Investigators. Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with the low-molecular-weight heparin certoparin: results of the TOPAS trial. Stroke 2001; 32 (1) 22-29
22 Lewandowski CA, Frankel M, Tomsick TA , et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial r-TPA versus intra-arterial therapy of acute ischemic stroke: Emergency Management of Stroke (EMS) Bridging Trial. Stroke 1999; 30 (12) 2598-2605
23 IMS Study Investigators. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recanalization for acute ischemic stroke: the Interventional Management of Stroke Study. Stroke 2004; 35 (4) 904-911
24 IMS II Trial Investigators. The interventional management of stoke (IMS) II study. Stroke 2007; 38 (7) 2127-2135
25 Hirsch JA, Gonzalez RG. Understanding IMS III: old data shed new light on a futile trial. J Neurointerv Surg 2012; (e-pub ahead of print)
26 Broderick JP, Palesch YY, Demchuk AM , et al; Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III Investigators. Endovascular therapy after intravenous t-PA versus t-PA alone for stroke. N Engl J Med 2013; 368 (10) 893-903
27 Ciccone A, Valvassori L, Nichelatti M , et al; SYNTHESIS Expansion Investigators. Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2013; 368 (10) 904-913
28 Kidwell CS, Jahan R, Gornbein J , et al; MR RESCUE Investigators. A trial of imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2013; 368 (10) 914-923
29 Bhatia R, Hill MD, Shobha N , et al. Low rates of acute recanalization with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in ischemic stroke: real-world experience and a call for action. Stroke 2010; 41 (10) 2254-2258
30 Tomsick TA, Khatri P, Jovin T , et al; IMS III Executive Committee. Equipoise among recanalization strategies. Neurology 2010; 74 (13) 1069-1076
31 Smith WS, Sung G, Saver J , et al; Multi MERCI Investigators. Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: final results of the Multi MERCI trial. Stroke 2008; 39 (4) 1205-1212
32 Penumbra Pivotal Stroke Trial Investigators. The penumbra pivotal stroke trial: safety and effectiveness of a new generation of mechanical devices for clot removal in intracranial large vessel occlusive disease. Stroke 2009; 40 (8) 2761-2768
33 Connors III JJ, Sacks D, Black CM , et al; Society of Interventional Radiology. Training guidelines for intra-arterial catheter-directed treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a statement from a special writing group of the Society of Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009; 20 (12) 1507-1522