48.3.3 Cyclobutanes (Update 2021)

Abstract

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 48.3), and describes methods for the formation of cyclobutanes reported in the period 2009–2019. The focus is on recent advances in the synthetic preparations and applications of cyclobutanes via transition-metal-catalyzed and photochemical processes.

Key words

alkenes - cyclization - cycloaddition - cyclobutanes - photocycloaddition - photochemistry - stereoselective synthesis - transition metals - total synthesis

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