PDF herunterladen
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · International Journal of Epilepsy 2017; 04(01): 065-069
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijep.2017.03.001
Review article
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.

A first-ever dedicated comprehensive review of incidence of epilepsy in South America and Caribbean

Devender Bhalla
a   Nepal Interest Group of Epilepsy and Neurology, Kathmandu, Nepal
b   Iran Epilepsy Association, Tehran, Iran
,
Saloni Kapoor
c   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
,
Ani Kapoor
c   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
,
Elham Lotfalinezhad
c   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
d   Center for Research on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Fatemah Amini
c   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
d   Center for Research on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Nanda Kishor Bhatta
a   Nepal Interest Group of Epilepsy and Neurology, Kathmandu, Nepal
,
Kavita Srivastava
e   Department of Neurology, Bharathi Vidyapeeth University, India
,
Manjari Tripathi
c   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received: 18. September 2016

Accepted: 14. März 2017

Publikationsdatum:
06. Mai 2018 (online)

   Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

In order to understand true incident burden of epilepsy in South America and Caribbean, several sources were searched in multiple languages using keywords and combinations. The results were presented as counts, proportions, means, and/or medians along with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). No information was found from Caribbean and no information was available from six South American countries. Based on 14 estimates, annual median incidence (N = 185319, 1984–2010, 7 in rural area) of epilepsy for South America was 115.2/100,000 (95% CI 61.0–133.4, range 0.0–410.0). Random-effect pooled annual epilepsy incidence was 84.8/100,000 (95% CI 65.2–104.5). The 25th and 75th percentile of annual epilepsy incidence were 62.2/100,000 and 130.9/100,000 respectively with an interquartile range (IQR) of 68.7. Between-study variance attributable to each explanatory factor was estimated to be: 38.8% from study year, 18.1% from urban-rural milieu, 15.4% from case size, and 0.6% from study size. Descriptively, on average, 445824 (between 236070 and 516258) new cases of epilepsy are possibly occurring every year in South America. In conclusion, Caribbean needs to come forward for its own epilepsy incidence data especially when risk from numerous factors such as substance abuse, mental health, etc. deems high. Epilepsy incidence in South America is likely to be slightly lower than previously reported although this varies considerably for each country. Inter-population differences are in-part (more than 50%) related to urban-rural differences and variations over time. Our work is especially important to monitor secular trends of epilepsy incidence especially when new data would emerge and countries continue to undergo transitions.

Keywords

Epilepsy - Epidemiology - Incidence - Latin America - South America - Caribbean
 

  • References

  • 1 Mathern GW, Beninsig L, Nehlig A. Reasons for discrepancy between incidence and prevalence of epilepsy in lower income countries: epilepsia's survey results. Epilepsia 56 2015; 163-165
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Bhalla D, Tchalla AE, Marin B. et al. Epilepsy: Asia versus Africa. Epilepsia 55 2014; 1317-1321
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Bell GS, Neligan A, Sander JW. An unknown quantity – the worldwide prevalence of epilepsy. Epilepsia 55 2014; 958-962
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Beghi E, Hesdorffer D. Prevalence of epilepsy – an unknown quantity. Epilepsia 55 2014; 963-967
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Declaration of Santiago on epilepsy in Latin America. Epilepsia 43 Suppl. (6) 2002; 42
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Burneo JG, Tellez-Zenteno J, Wiebe S. Understanding the burden of epilepsy in Latin America: a systematic review of its prevalence and incidence. Epilepsy Res 66 2005; 63-74
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Bhalla D, Aziz H, Bergen D. et al. Undue regulatory control on phenobarbital – an important yet overlooked reason for the epilepsy treatment gap. Epilepsia 56 2015; 659-662
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Bhalla D, Lotfalinezhad E, Timalsina U. et al. A comprehensive review of epilepsy in the Arab World. Seizure. 2015 in press
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Wit JM. Morbidity and mortality patterns among pediatric patients in Dominica (West Indies). Bull Pan Am Health Organ 17 1983; 164-176
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Raccurt CP, Agnamey P, Boncy J, Henrys JH, Totet A. Seroprevalence of human Taenia solium cysticercosis in Haiti. J Helminthol 83 2009; 113-116
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Hernandez-Cossio O, Hernandez-Fustes OJ. Neurocysticercosis and epilepsy in Cuba. Rev Neurol 29 1999; 1003-1006
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Hernandez-Cossio O, Hernandez-Oramas N, Enriquez-Caceres M, Hernandez-Fustes OJ. Etiology of late-onset epilepsy. Rev Neurol 32 2001; 628-630
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Hun C, Hok T, Bhalla D. Epilepsy: some controversies, some knowledge and some experience from Cambodia. Neurol India 62 2014; 606-609
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Shibahara I, Osawa S, Kon H. et al. Increase in the number of patients with seizures following the Great East-Japan Earthquake. Epilepsia 54 2013; e49-52
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Mas Bermejo P. Preparation and response in case of natural disasters: cuban programs and experience. J Public Health Policy 27 2006; 13-21
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Singh H, Maharaj HD, Shipp M. Pattern of substance abuse among secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago. Public Health 105 1991; 435-441
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 UNODC. Global Study on Homicide – trends, context, data. 2011. United Nations; Vienna, Austria: p. 93
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Singh H, Mustapha N. Some factors associated with substance abuse among secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago. J Drug Educ 24 1994; 83-93
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 World Bank. Countries and economies. 2016. World Bank; Washington DC, USA:
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Ngugi AK, Kariuki SM, Bottomley C. et al. Incidence of epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 77 2011; 1005-1012
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Bruno E, Bartoloni A, Zammarchi L. et al. Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7 2013; e2480
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Gonzales I, Miranda JJ, Rodriguez S. et al. Seizures, cysticercosis and rural-to-urban migration: the PERU MIGRANT study. Trop Med Int Health 20 2015; 546-552
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Daviglus ML, Talavera GA, Aviles-Santa ML. et al. Prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases among Hispanic/Latino individuals of diverse backgrounds in the United States. JAMA 308 2012; 1775-1784
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Lopez-Ruiz M, Artazcoz L, Martinez JM, Rojas M, Benavides FG. Informal employment and health status in Central America. BMC Public Health 15 2015; 698
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Alarcon RD. Mental health and mental health care in Latin America. World Psychiatry 2 2003; 54-56
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Aragon A, Partanen T, Felknor S, Corriols M. Social determinants of workers' health in Central America. Int J Occup Environ Health 17 2011; 230-237
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Hauser WA, Annegers JF, Kurland LT. Prevalence of epilepsy in Rochester, minnesota: 1940–1980. Epilepsia 32 1991; 429-445
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Medina MT, Aguilar-Estrada RL, Alvarez A. et al. Reduction in rate of epilepsy from neurocysticercosis by community interventions: the Salama, Honduras study. Epilepsia 52 2011; 1177-1185
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Nicolás O, Francis Enrique V, Reyna D, Marco Tulio M. Aspectos socio-culturales y antropológicos que inciden en la determinación de la prevalencia de las epilepsias en la étnia misquita del departamento de Gracias a Dios, Honduras. Rev Med Hond 70 2002; 9-14
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Medina MT, Duron R, Ramirez F. et al. Prevalencia de enfermedades neurológicas en Tegucigalpa: el estudio Kennedy. Rev Med Hond 71 2003; 8-17
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 GLAE. Prevalencia e incidencia de la epilepsia en el pais Guatemala. 2001. Guatemala League against Epilepsy; Guatemala City: 1-13
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Rodríguez ACF, Menjívar AM. Evaluacion de resutados en siete casos de cirucia para epilepsia mediamente intratable en pacientes de edad pediatrica en El Salvador. 2010. Universidad Jose Delgado; La Libertad, El Salvador: 1-150
    Google Scholar
  • 33 Stokes HB, Salguero LF. Epidemiologia de las epilepsias en Guatemala. Medina MT, Sell FC, Calix NC, Gracia FG. Las epilepsia en Centro America. 2001. Scan Color; Tegucigalpa: 32-36
    Google Scholar
  • 34 Garcia-Noval J, Moreno E, de Mata F. et al. An epidemiological study of epilepsy and epileptic seizures in two rural Guatemalan communities. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 95 2001; 167-175
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Brackette C, Cindrella A. Prevalencia de epilepsia y enfermedad cerebro vascular en la Aldea El Rosario Municipio de Río Hondo Zacapa, del 1 de marzo al 30 de abril de 1998. 1998. University of San Carlos; Guatemala City: 1-79
    Google Scholar
  • 36 Kuestermann CSA. Factores de riesgo para la epilepsia en el área de Cerro Alto San Juan Sacatepequez. 1995. Universidad Francisco Marroquín; Guatemala City: 1-88
    Google Scholar
  • 37 Nunes ML, Geib LT, Grupo A. Incidence of epilepsy and seizure disorders in childhood and association with social determinants: a birth cohort study. J Pediatr (Rio J) 87 2011; 50-56
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Lavados J, Germain L, Morales A, Campero M, Lavados P. A descriptive study of epilepsy in the district of El Salvador, Chile, 1984–1988. Acta Neurol Scand 85 1992; 249-256
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Placencia M, Shorvon SD, Paredes V. et al. Epileptic seizures in an Andean region of Ecuador: incidence and prevalence and regional variation. Brain 115 Pt. (03) 1992; 771-782
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Villaran MV, Montano SM, Gonzalvez G. et al. Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis: an incidence study in a Peruvian rural population. Neuroepidemiology 33 2009; 25-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 LIVECE. Liga Venezolana contra la Epilepsia- Reunion Caracas. 2016. Liga Venezolana Contra la Epilepsia; Venezuela:
    Google Scholar
  • 42 Bruno E, Quattrocchi G, Crespo Gomes EB. et al. Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy associated with convulsive seizures in rural Bolivia. A global campaign against epilepsy project. PLoS One 10 2015; e0139108
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar