Abstract
Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a benign and rare tumor of the soft tissues. It usually
manifests itself through a painless mass of slow growth that affects mainly males
in the fifth decade of life. It usually affects the distal region, with a polypoid
or dome-shaped appearance. The histological appearance is of a dermal mass without
capsule, with spindle-shaped fibroblasts in a storiform or fasciculated pattern in
the myxocollagenous stroma. The immunohistochemical evaluation of superficial acral
fibromyxoma is usually positive for CD34 and CD99, with variable positivity for epithelial
membrane antigen. The treatment consists of complete excision of the tumor mass.
A review of the current literature on superficial acral fibromyxoma was performed,
with an emphasis on the number of cases reported, location, diagnostic methods, histological
characteristics, differential diagnoses and treatment.
A total of 314 reported cases of superficial acral fibromyxoma with variable locations
were found in the current literature, mainly in the toes (45.8%) and fingers (39.1%).
It has a slightly superior incidence in men (61%) and enormous variability in the
age range of occurrence.
Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a single soft-tissue tumor that should enter the
differential diagnosis of periungual and subungual acral lesions; the treatment consists
of simple excision. More studies are needed to better understand this pathology, which
was first described in 2001.
Keywords
soft-tissue neoplasms - fibroma/pathology - fibroma/therapy - skin neoplasms
