Zwillingstransfusionssyndrom

Das Zwillingstransfusionssyndrom oder Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) betrifft monochoriale Mehrlingsschwangerschaften. Monochorionizität bedeutet, dass sich die Feten eine Plazenta teilen, und in praktisch allen Fällen gibt es Gefäßverbindungen zwischen den umbilikalen Kreisläufen auf der Plazentaoberfläche. Drei verschiedene Anastomosentypen sind beschrieben: arteriovenös, arterioarteriell und venovenös. Daraus resultiert, dass eine Imbalance bezüglich der Blutvolumina beider Feten möglich ist. Derzeit ist nicht endgültig geklärt, warum ein TTTS entsteht, jedoch scheint die Anzahl, der Typ und das Kaliber der Anastomosen das Risiko zu bestimmen [1]. Etwa 10 – 15% der monochorialen Zwillinge zeigen ein TTTS [2], welches sich typischerweise zwischen der 16. und 26. SSW entwickelt.

• Literatur

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