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Notfallmedizin up2date 2020; 15(01): 59-74
DOI: 10.1055/a-0958-0649
Traumatologische und chirurgische Notfälle
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Das Schädel-Hirn-Trauma im Erwachsenenalter

Aktuelle präklinische Handlungsempfehlungen
Paul Hagebusch
,
Andreas Pingel
,
Frank Kandziora
,
Reinhard Hoffmann
,
Uwe Schweigkofler
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
28. Februar 2020 (online)

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Das Schädel-Hirn-Trauma ist auch heute noch die häufigste Todesursache bei Erwachsenen unter 45 Jahren. Der präklinischen Akutversorgung dieser Patienten kommt eine wichtige Rolle zu. Dabei spielen die Sicherung des Atemwegs, die Aufrechterhaltung eines adäquaten Kreislaufs sowie der zeitnahe Transport in die richtige Zielklinik eine entscheidende Rolle.
Kernaussagen

  • Das SHT bleibt die häufigste Todesursache bei Erwachsenen unter 45 Jahren.

  • Eine konsequente, leitlinienkonforme präklinische Therapie verbessert das Behandlungsergebnis.

  • Die Atemwegssicherung und Kreislaufstabilisierung haben am Unfallort höchste Priorität.

  • Hämodynamisch relevante Kopfplatzwunden sollten versorgt und die Blutung gestillt werden.

  • Der GCS eignet sich zu Beurteilung des Schweregrades des SHTs und sollte sequenziell erhoben werden.

  • Der Patient profitiert von einem zeitnahen, schnellen Transport in ein geeignetes Traumazentrum.

  • Die Prähospitalzeit von 60 Minuten sollte eingehalten werden.

  • Der Luftrettung kommt bei der Versorgung von SHT-Patienten eine entscheidende Rolle zu.

Schlüsselwörter

präklinische Versorgung - Schädel-Hirn-Trauma - Management SHT - Leitlinien SHT
 

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