Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular Health in Childhood Cancer:
A Meta-analysis

Javier S. Morales; Pedro L. Valenzuela; Alba M. Herrera-Olivares; Antonio Baño-Rodrigo; Adrián Castillo-García; Cecilia Rincón-Castanedo; Asunción Martín-Ruiz; Alejandro F. San-Juan; Carmen Fiuza-Luces; Alejandro Lucia

doi:10.1055/a-1073-8104

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Int J Sports Med 2020; 41(03): 141-153
DOI: 10.1055/a-1073-8104

Review

Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Authors

Javier S. Morales

¹Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Madrid, Spain
Pedro L. Valenzuela

²Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
Alba M. Herrera-Olivares

¹Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Madrid, Spain
Antonio Baño-Rodrigo

³Cardiology Departament, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
Adrián Castillo-García

⁴Fissac – Physiology, Health and Physical Activity, Exercise and health, Madrid, Spain
Cecilia Rincón-Castanedo

¹Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Madrid, Spain
Asunción Martín-Ruiz

¹Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Madrid, Spain
Alejandro F. San-Juan

⁵Laboratorio de Biomecánica Deportiva, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Carmen Fiuza-Luces

⁶Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12) Madrid, Spain
Alejandro Lucia

¹Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Madrid, Spain

Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of physical exercise interventions on cardiovascular endpoints in childhood cancer survivors. Relevant articles were systematically searched in PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases (since inception to 11th September 2019). We performed a meta-analysis (random effects) to determine the mean difference (expressed together with 95% confidence intervals) between pre- and post-intervention values for those cardiovascular endpoints reported in more than three studies. Twenty-seven studies (of which 16 were controlled studies) comprising 697 participants were included. Only three studies reported adverse events related to exercise interventions. Exercise resulted in an increased performance on the 6-minute walk distance test (mean difference=111 m, 95% confidence interval=39–183, p=0.003) and a non-significant trend (mean difference=1.97 ml∙kg⁻¹∙min⁻¹, 95% confidence interval=−0.12–4.06, p=0.065) for improvement in peak oxygen uptake. Furthermore, left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved after exercise interventions (mean difference=0.29%, 95% confidence interval=−1.41–1.99, p=0.738). In summary, exercise interventions might exert a cardioprotective effect in childhood cancer survivors by improving – or attenuating the decline of – physical capacity and cardiovascular function. Further studies, particularly randomized controlled trials, are needed to confirm these benefits.

Key word

cardiovascular function - exercise is medicine - cardiorespiratory fitness - physical activity - physical capacity - pediatric cancer

Volltext

Referenzen

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