Psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen: ein Rapid Review

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie Zusammenschau von Evidenz über psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen vor COVID-19. Entsprechende Erkenntnisse liefern wichtige Bezugspunkte zur COVID-19-Pandemie.

Methodik Suche in der MEDLINE-Datenbank nach relevanten Studien bei SARS-CoV- und MERS-CoV-Ausbrüchen.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt 13 selektierte Studien beschreiben konsistent psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen, darunter Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit, Wut, Stress, posttraumatische Belastung, soziale Isolation, Einsamkeit und Stigmatisierung. Determinanten waren u. a. die Dauer der Quarantäne und Einkommensverluste. Tätige im Gesundheitswesen waren eine besonders vulnerable Gruppe.

Schlussfolgerung Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen haben negative Konsequenzen für die psychosoziale Gesundheit. Präventions- und Interventionsansätze zur Reduktion der psychosozialen Folgen sollten integraler Bestandteil des Krisenmanagements unter Pandemiebedingungen sein.

Abstract

Objective Review of the evidence on the psychosocial impact of quarantine measures during serious coronavirus outbreaks before COVID-19. Such information is highly relevant in regard to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods Search of the MEDLINE database for relevant studies related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV outbreaks.

Results Across 13 identified studies, quarantine measures were consistently associated with negative psychosocial outcomes, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, anger, stress, posttraumatic stress, social isolation, loneliness and stigmatization. Determinants comprised duration of quarantine measures and income losses. Health care workers constituted a particularly vulnerable group.

Conclusion Quarantine measures during serious coronavirus outbreaks have extensive negative consequences for mental health. Prevention and intervention approaches to attenuate the psychosocial impact should be an integral component of crisis response during pandemic conditions.

Schlüsselwörter

Coronavirus - COVID-19 - Pandemie - psychosoziale Gesundheit - Quarantäne

Keywords

coronavirus - COVID-19 - pandemic - mental health - quarantine

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