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Pneumologie 2020; 74(09): 585-600
DOI: 10.1055/a-1186-7333
Symposiumsbericht

Expertentreffen COPD: Technologische Innovationen in der Pneumologie – Facetten aus Diagnostik und Therapie[*]

Technological Innovations in Pulmonology – Examples from Diagnostics and Therapy
W. Randerath
 1   Klinik für Pneumologie und Allergologie, Krankenhaus Bethanien, Solingen
,
M. Dreher
 2   Klinik für Pneumologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Klinik V, Universitätsklinikum Aachen
,
D. Gompelmann
 3   Klinische Abteilung für Pulmologie, Universitätsklinik Innere Medizin II, Wien
,
M. Held
 4   Missioklinik, Klinikum Würzburg Mitte, Zentrum für Thoraxmedizin Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin
,
R. Koczulla
 5   Fachzentrum für Pneumologie, Schön Klinik Berchtesgadener Land und Universitätsklinikum Marburg
,
T. Köhnlein
 6   Pneumologisches Facharztzentrum Teuchern
,
G. Rohde
 7   Pneumologie/Allergologie, Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
,
J. Wälscher
 8   Pneumologie, Ruhrlandklinik, Universitätsmedizin Essen
,
H. Watz
 9   Pneumologisches Forschungsinstitut an der LungenClinic Großhansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL)
,
G. Steinkamp
10   Medizinisch-wissenschaftliches Publizieren, Schwerin
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Zusammenfassung

Ein wesentlicher Anteil der aktuellen technologischen Entwicklungen in der Pneumologie liegt in den verschiedenen Bereichen der Informationstechnologie. Das Spektrum reicht dabei von Smartphone-Apps, die im täglichen Leben oder der Praxis von Patienten oder Ärzten angewandt werden sollen, bis hin zum Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz in der Früherkennung. Die Diagnose-Genauigkeit von Apps zur Symptomanalyse ist dabei zurzeit noch sehr limitiert. Forschungsprojekte beschäftigen sich mit der Integration von Symptomen und Funktionsparametern in der Früherkennung, aber auch mit der Mobilitätserfassung als prognostischem Marker bei der COPD. Eine große Herausforderung stellt das Lungenkrebs-Screening mittels Computertomografie dar. Hier kann künstliche Intelligenz helfen, riesige Datenmengen zu bewältigen. Die Qualität hängt jedoch vom suffizienten Training der Systeme ab. Technologische Entwicklungen prägen alle Felder der Pneumologie. Sie erlauben in der diagnostischen und interventionellen Endoskopie die verbesserte Biopsietechnik und mikrostrukturelle Bildgebung. Methoden der Lungenfunktionsdiagnostik ermöglichen die differenzierte Analyse von atemmechanischen Störungen und können in die Beatmungstechnologie überführt werden. Die Translation von Grundlagenerkenntnissen zum Mikrobiom kann perspektivisch helfen, COPD-Exazerbationen besser zu verstehen und zielgerichteter zu behandeln.

Abstract

A significant proportion of the current technological developments in pneumology originate from the various areas of information technology. The spectrum ranges from smartphone apps to be used in daily life or in patient care to the use of artificial intelligence in screening and early detection of diseases. The diagnostic accuracy of apps for symptom analysis is currently very limited. Research projects are performed on the integration of symptoms and functional parameters into early detection, but also on mobility measurements as a prognostic marker in COPD. Lung cancer screening using computed tomography represents a major challenge. Here, artificial intelligence can help radiologists to cope with huge amounts of data. However, the quality of the software depends on the sufficient training of the system. Technological developments shape all fields of pneumology. For diagnostic and interventional endoscopy, they offer improved biopsy techniques and microstructural imaging. Advances in lung function measurements allow the differentiated analysis of respiratory mechanical disorders, and they could be transferred to ventilation technology. The translation of basic findings about the lung microbiome into patient care may perspectively help to better understand and treat COPD exacerbations.

* Die Veranstaltung wurde von der Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG gefördert.




Publication History

Article published online:
14 July 2020

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 

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