The Eyes of an African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus): General
					Morphology and Ophthalmopathology

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022; 239(01): 94-98
DOI: 10.1055/a-1388-3960

Der interessante Fall

Augen eines Brillenpinguins (Spheniscus demersus): allgemeine Morphologie und Ophthalmopathologie

¹Clinic for Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

,

Gero Hilken

²Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany

,

Nora Denk

³Zoo Basel AG, Basel, Switzerland

,

Fabia Wyss

³Zoo Basel AG, Basel, Switzerland

,

Christian Wenker

³Zoo Basel AG, Basel, Switzerland

,

Pascal W. Hasler

⁴Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

,

Peter Meyer

⁴Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

References
1 Crawford R, Underhill L, Coetzee J. et al. Influences of the abundance and distribution of prey on African penguins Spheniscus demersus off western South Africa. Afr J Mar Sci 2008; 30: 167-175
2 Wood CA. The Fundus Oculi of Birds, especially as viewed by the Ophthalmoscope: A Study in Comparative Anatomy and Physiology. Nature 1917; 100: 322-323
3 Keymer IF. Cataracts in birds. Avian Pathol 1977; 6: 335-341
4 Moore BA, Teixeira LBC, Sponsel WE. et al. The consequences of avian ocular trauma: histopathological evidence and implications of acute and chronic disease. Vet Ophthalmol 2017; 20: 496-504
5 Church ML, Priehs DR, Denis H. et al. Technique, postoperative complications, and visual outcomes of phacoemulsification cataract surgery in 21 penguins (27 eyes) 2011–2015. Vet Ophthalmol 2018; 21: 612-621