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Synlett 2021; 32(09): 930-934
DOI: 10.1055/a-1468-5725
letter

Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Cyclization of Inert N-Substituted Pyrroles to Benzo[f]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepines

Zeng Gao
a   State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. of China
b   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China
,
Jinlong Qian 
a   State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. of China
,
Huameng Yang
a   State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. of China
,
Jinlong Zhang∗
a   State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. of China
,
Gaoxi Jiang∗
a   State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. of China
› InstitutsangabenFinancial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21602231) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20191197 and BK20181373) is gratefully acknowledged.
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Abstract

Two approaches involving intramolecular and intermolecular cyclization, respectively, have been developed for the direct and practical construction of a series of important benzo[f]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]azepines by using Brønsted acid catalysts. Upon catalysis by TsOH, the intramolecular dehydroxylation/ring closure of 3-hydroxy-2-[2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)benzyl]isoindolin-1-ones provided various racemic benzo[f]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]azepines in high yields. Furthermore, enantioenriched benzo[f]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]azepines were also obtained by chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed intermolecular addition of [2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methanamines to 2-formylbenzoates under mild conditions.

Key words

Brønsted acid catalysis - cyclization - pyrroles - intermolecular addition - azepines - asymmetric catalysis

Supporting Information

    Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1468-5725.
  • Supporting Information


Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 14. Dezember 2020

Angenommen nach Revision: 27. März 2021

Accepted Manuscript online:
27. März 2021

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
16. April 2021

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  • 12 9H-Isoindolo[1,2-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-11(15bH)-ones 2a–q; General Procedure (Intramolecular Reaction) The appropriate isoindolone 1 (0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv) and TsOH (1 mol%) were stirred in CH2Cl2 (1 mL) at r.t. When the reaction was complete, the solvent was removed and the crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, hexane–EtOAc). 9H-Isoindolo[1,2-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-11(15bH)-ones 2a, 2q–t; General Procedure (Intermolecular Reaction) The appropriate amine 3 (0.1 mmol, 1.0 equiv), methyl 2-formylbenzoate (4a, 0.15 mmol, 1.5 equiv), chiral phosphoric acid A5 (5.0 mol%), and 4 Å MS (100 mg) were stirred in toluene (1.0 mL) at r.t. under N2. Upon completion of the reaction, the solvent was removed and the crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography. 9H-Isoindolo[1,2-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-11(15bH)-one (2a) White solid; yield: 53.2 mg (93%); mp 192-195 °C. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.91 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.64–7.44 (m, 6 H), 7.35 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.10 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.26 (t, J = 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 5.94 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.40 (s, 1 H), 5.06 (d, J = 13.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.17 (d, J = 13.9 Hz, 1 H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 167.0, 141.7, 140.2, 133.6, 131.5, 131.2, 130.0, 128.9, 128.5, 127.3, 124.0, 123.6, 121.8, 109.5, 107.2, 56.4, 44.6. CCDC 1964245 contains the supplementary crystallographic data for compound 2a. The data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures.