In diesem Beitrag werden die Studiendaten zur Lungenkrebsfrüherkennung im Überblick
dargestellt und Faktoren, die die Effektivität derselben beeinflussen und steigern,
diskutiert. Abschließend werden Faktoren, die für die großflächige Implementierung
relevant sind, erläutert.
Abstract
The prognosis of conventionally diagnosed lung cancer patients is still rather poor.
Two large, randomized trials using screening by low dose CT could demonstrate that
early detection in persons with smoking as risk factor can improve this prognosis.
Early detection of lung cancer can be achieved by structured screening programs using
low dose CT for persons at increased risk, but in addition also by consequent management
of incidental pulmonary nodules, which are seen on imaging for other reasons. Integral
part of these programs should be prevention measures, especially a consequent, repeated,
low-threshold offer of a service for smoking cessation. Programs for lung cancer screening
for persons at increased risk are only beneficial for the screenees and cost-effective,
if the various parts of the program are optimally integrated and coordinated and all
necessary disciplines (especially respiratory medicine, radiology, pathology, thoracic
surgery, radiotherapy) are included in a multidisciplinary manner. For Germany the
certified lung cancer centres in structured cooperation with physicians in private
practice (respiratory physicians, radiologists, general practitioners) would be a
good option. It is essential that there is a good perception for the need of early
detection of lung cancer in politics and the public and that the persons at risk are
reached, contacted and motivated by various methods.
Schlüsselwörter
Lungenkarzinom - Früherkennung - Screening - pulmonaler Rundherd als Zufallsbefund
- Raucherentwöhnung
Keywords
lung cancer - early detection - screening - incidental pulmonary nodule - smoking
cessation programs
