HCM bei der Katze – Symptome, Diagnostik und aktuelle Empfehlungen für die Therapie

Wussten Sie, dass, 1 von 7 Katzen eine HCM aufweist? Und das sind „nur“ die Zahlen der Katzen, die tatsächlich in der Tierarztpraxis diagnostiziert werden. Lesen Sie in unserem Beitrag, welche Symptome auf eine HCM hinweisen und wie Sie den Patienten helfen können.

• Literatur

• 1 Freeman LM, Rush JE, Stern JA. et al. Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Spontaneous Large Animal Model of Human HCM. Cardio Res 2017; 8 (04) 139-142
• 2 Coté E, MacDonald K, Meurs K. et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In: Feline cardiology. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011: 103-176
• 3 Maron BJ, Maron MS. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The Lancet 2013; 381(9862): 242-255
• 4 Meurs KM, Sanchez X, David RM. et al. A cardiac myosin binding protein C mutation in the Maine Coon cat with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hum Mol Gen 2005; 14 (23) 3587-3593
• 5 Meurs KM, Norgard MM, Ederer MM. et al. A substitution mutation in the myosin binding protein C gene in ragdoll hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Genomics 2007; 90 (02) 261-264
• 6 Mary J, Chetboul V, Sampedrano CC. et al. Prevalence of the MYBPC3-A31P mutation in a large European feline population and association with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the Maine Coon breed. J Vet Cardio 2010; 12 (03) 155-161
• 7 Borgeat K, Stern J, Meurs KM. et al. The influence of clinical and genetic factors on left ventricular wall thickness in Ragdoll cats. J Vet Cardio 2015; 17: 258-267
• 8 Luis Fuentes V, Abbott J, Chetboul V. et al. ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the classification, diagnosis, and management of cardiomyopathies in cats. J Vet Int Med 2020; 34 (03) 1062-1077
• 9 McNamara JW, Schuckman M, Becker RC. et al. A Novel Homozygous Intronic Variant in TNNT2 Associates With Feline Cardiomyopathy. Frontiers in Physio 2020; 11: 608473
• 10 Schipper T, van Poucke M, Sonck L. et al. A feline orthologue of the human MYH7 c.5647 G>A (p.(Glu1883Lys)) variant causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a Domestic Shorthair cat. Europ J Hum Gen 2019; 27 (11) 1724-1730
• 11 Payne JR, Brodbelt DC, Luis Fuentes V. Cardiomyopathy prevalence in 780 apparently healthy cats in rehoming centres (the CatScan study). J Vet Cardio 2015; 17: 244-257
• 12 Trehiou-Sechi E, Tissier R, Gouni V. et al. Comparative Echocardiographic and Clinical Features of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in 5 Breeds of Cats: A Retrospective Analysis of 344 Cases (2001–2011). J Vet Int Med 2012; 26 (03) 532-541
• 13 Rush JE, Freeman LM, Fenollosa NK. et al. Population and survival characteristics of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 260 cases (1990–1999). J Am Vet Med Ass 2002; 220 (02) 202-207
• 14 März I, Wilkie LJ, Harrington N. et al. Familial cardiomyopathy in Norwegian Forest cats. J Fel Med Surg 2015; 17 (08) 681-691
• 15 Chetboul V, Petit A, Gouni V. et al. Prospective echocardiographic and tissue Doppler screening of a large Sphynx cat population: Reference ranges, heart disease prevalence and genetic aspects. J Vet Cardio 2012; 14 (04) 497509
• 16 Granström S, Nyberg Godiksen MT. et al. Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a cohort of British Shorthair Cats in Denmark. J Vet Int Med 2011; 25 (04) 866-871
• 17 Sciagrà R. Positron-emission tomography myocardial blood flow quantification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imag 2016; 60 (04) 354-361
• 18 Schober KE, Chetboul V. Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in cats: Hemodynamic determinants and pattern recognition. J Vet Cardio 2015; 17 Suppl 1: 102-133
• 19 Staub NC. Alveolar flooding and clearance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127 (5 Pt 2): 44-51
• 20 Paige CF, Abbott JA, Elvinger F. et al. Prevalence of cardiomyopathy in apparently healthy cats. Journal of the J Am Vet Med Ass 2009; 234 (11) 1398-1403
• 21 Wagner T, Fuentes VL, Payne JR. et al. Comparison of auscultatory and echocardiographic findings in healthy adult cats. J Vet Cardio 2010; 12 (03) 171-182
• 22 Côté E, Jaeger R. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias in 106 cats: Associated structural cardiac disorders. J Vet Int Med 2008; 22 (06) 1444-1446
• 23 Fox PR, Keene BW, Lamb K. et al. International collaborative study to assess cardiovascular risk and evaluate long-term health in cats with preclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and apparently healthy cats: The REVEAL Study. J Vet Int Med 2018; 32 (03) 30-943
• 24 Häggström J, Andersson O, Falk T. et al. Effect of Body Weight on Echocardiographic Measurements in 19,866 Pure-Bred Cats with or without Heart Disease. J Vet Int Med 2016; 30 (05) 1601-1611
• 25 Sugimoto K, Kawase N, Aoki T. et al. Effects of dehydration on echocardiographic diastolic parameters in healthy cats. J Vet Sci 2019; 20 (03) e18
• 26 Sugimoto K, Fujii Y, Ogura Y. et al. Influence of alterations in heart rate on left ventricular echocardiographic measurements in healthy cats. J Fel Med Surg 2017; 19 (08) 84-85
• 27 Adin DB, Diley-Poston L. Papillary Muscle Measurements in Cats with Normal Echocardiograms and Cats with Concentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. J Vet Int Med 2007; 21 (04) 737-741
• 28 Levine RA, Iahakes GJ, Lefebvre X. et al. Papillary Muscle Displacement Causes Systolic Anterior Motion of the Mitral Valve. Experimental validation and insights into the mechanism of subaortic obstruction. Circulation 1995; 91 (04) 1189-1195
• 29 Kittleson MD, Côté E. The Feline Cardiomyopathies: 2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Fel Med Surg 2021; 2 (11) 1028-1051
• 30 Novo Matos J, Pereira N, Glaus T. et al. Transient Myocardial Thickening in Cats Associated with Heart Failure. J Vet Int Med 2018; 32 (01) 48-56
• 31 Guglielmini C, Diana A. Thoracic radiography in the cat: Identification of cardiomegaly and congestive heart failure. J Vet Cardio 2015; 17 Suppl 1: 87-101
• 32 Schober KE, Wetli E, Drost WT. Radiographic and echocardiographic assessment of left atrial size in 100 cats with acute left-sided congestive heart failure. Vet Radio Ultra 2014; 55 (04) 359-367
• 33 Benigni L, Morgan N, Lamb CR. Radiographic appearance of cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in 23 cats. J Small Anim Pract 2009; 50 (01) 9-14
• 34 Ward JL, Lisciandro GR, Ware WA. et al. Evaluation of point-of-care thoracic ultrasound and NT-proBNP for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in cats with respiratory distress. J Vet Int Med 2018; 32 (05) 1530-1540
• 35 Schober KE, Maerz I. Ludewig E eta al. Diagnostic Accuracy of Electrocardiography and Thoracic Radiography in the Assessment of Left Atrial Size in Cats: Comparison with Transthoracic 2-Dimensional Echocardiography. J Vet Int Med 2007; 21 (04) 709-718
• 36 Romito G, Guglielmini C, Mazzarella MO. et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of surface electrocardiography in cats with left ventricular hypertrophy. J Vet Cardio 2018; 20 (05) 364-375
• 37 Rials S, Wu Y, Ford N, Pauletto FJ. et al. Effect of left ventricular hypertrophy and its regression on ventricular electrophysiology and vulnerability to inducible arrhythmia in the feline heart. Circulation 1995; 91 (02) 426-430
• 38 Hezzell MJ, Rush JE, Humm K. et al. Differentiation of Cardiac from Noncardiac Pleural Effusions in Cats using Second-Generation Quantitative and Point-of-Care NT-proBNP Measurements. J Vet Int Med 2016; 30 (02) 536-542
• 39 Kittleson MD, Côté E. The Feline Cardiomyopathies: 1. General concepts. J Fel Med Surg 2021; 23 (11) 1009-1027
• 40 Schober KE, Zientek J, Li X. et al. Effect of treatment with atenolol on 5-year survival in cats with preclinical (asymptomatic) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Vet Cardio 2013; 15 (02) 93-104
• 41 Sugimoto K, Aoki T, Fujii Y. Effects of atenolol on left atrial and left ventricular function in healthy cats and in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82 (05) 546-552
• 42 Coleman AE, DeFrancesco TC, Griffiths EH. et al. Atenolol in cats with subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of effect on quality of life, activity, and cardiac biomarkers. J Vet Cardio 2020; 30: 77-91
• 43 Jung SW, Kittleson MD. The Effect of Atenolol on NT-proBNP and Troponin in Asymptomatic Cats with Severe Left Ventricular Hypertrophy because of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study. J Vet Int Med 2011; 25 (05) 1044-1049
• 44 Hogan DF, Fox PR, Jacob K. et al. Secondary prevention of cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism in the cat: The double-blind, randomized, positive-controlled feline arterial thromboembolism; Clopidogrel vs. aspirin trial (FAT CAT). J Vet Cardio 2015; 17: 306-317
• 45 Macdonald KA, Kittleson MD, Larson RF. et al. The Effect of Ramipril on Left Ventricular Mass, Myocardial Fibrosis, Diastolic Function, and Plasma Neurohormones in Maine Coon Cats with Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy without Heart Failure. J Vet Int Med 2006; 20 (05) 1093-1105
• 46 MacDonald KA, Kittleson MD, Kass PH. Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function and left ventricular mass in Maine coon cats with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Vet Int Med 2008; 22 (02) 335-341
• 47 Ward JL, Guillot E, Domenig O. et al. Circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity in cats with systemic hypertension or cardiomyopathy. J Vet Int Med 2022; 26 (03) 897-909