Antikonvulsiva

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Antikonvulsiva haben ein großes Risikopotenzial für unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen (UAW). Im ersten Abschnitt des Artikels werden die UAW-Profile in der Pädiatrie wichtiger Antikonvulsiva vorgestellt. Beispielsweise können unter Valproattherapie zwar seltene, aber potenziell lebensbedrohliche Organopathien auftreten. Bei anderen Antikonvulsiva stehen UAW im Vordergrund, die den Alltag beeinflussen können, wie etwa aggressives Verhalten bei Levetiracetam. Diese können die Lebensqualität und den Alltag pädiatrischer Patienten und deren Familien beeinträchtigen. Daher wird im zweiten Teil des Artikels auf die Wahrnehmung der Betroffenen eingegangen. Eltern befürchten eher schwerwiegende UAW wie Organversagen, pädiatrische Patienten eher neurologische und psychiatrische Symptome. Diese Symptome werden auch am häufigsten von pädiatrischen Patienten erlebt. Als besonders negativ werden die emotionale Belastung sowie erlebte Einschränkungen bei Aktivitäten in Schule und Freizeit beschrieben. Daher sollten neben der Effektivität des Arzneistoffs bei der jeweiligen Epilepsieform auch die Wünsche der pädiatrischen Patienten und deren Eltern bei der Therapieauswahl berücksichtigt werden.

ABSTRACT

Anti-seizure medications have a high risk potential for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The first section of this article presents the ADR profiles of anti-seizure medications important in pediatrics. For example, although rare, potentially life-threatening organopathies can occur with valproate therapy. For other anti-seizure medications, the focus is on ADRs that can affect daily life, such as aggressive behavior with levetiracetam. Those ADRs can affect the quality of life and daily routine of pediatric patients and their families. Therefore, the second part of this article focuses on the perceptions of the affected pediatric patients and their families. While parents tend to fear serious ADRs such as organ failure, pediatric patients fear neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Those symptoms are also most commonly experienced by pediatric patients. Emotional distress and experienced limitations in school and leisure activities are described as particularly negative. Therefore, in addition to the effectiveness of the drug in the particular type of epilepsy, the wishes of the pediatric patients and their parents should also be taken into account in the choice of therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Pädiatrie - unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen - Antikonvulsiva - Wahrnehmung

Keywords

Pediatrics - adverse drug reactions - anti-seizure medications - perceptions

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