Die Leber – mehr als nur ein Stoffwechselorgan

Die Leber ist ein weitgehend unterschätztes und lebenswichtiges Organ. Sie trennt wichtige von giftigen Stoffen und wenn sie versagt, wird es für den Menschen schnell lebensbedrohlich. Dieser Schwerpunkt stellt die Leber, ihre möglichen Erkrankungen und pflegerische Besonderheiten von Patienten mit einer Lebererkrankung ausführlich vor.

• Literatur

• 1 Pimpin L, Cortez-Pinto H, Negro F. et al Burden of liver disease in Europe: Epidemiology and analysis of risk factors to identify prevention policies. J Hepatol 2018; 69: 718-35
• 2 Robinson MW, Harmon C, O’Farrelly C. Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and homeostasis. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 13: 267
• 3 Zhou Z, Xu MJ, Gao B. Hepatocytes: A key cell type for innate immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 13: 301-15
• 4 Bell CC, Chouhan B, Andersson LC. et al Functionality of primary hepatic non-parenchymal cells in a 3 D spheroid model and contribution to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94: 1251
• 5 Sutti S, Tacke F.. Liver inflammation and regeneration in drug-induced liver injury: sex matters!. Clin Sci 2018; 132: 609-13
• 6 Castera L, Friedrich-Rust M, Loomba R. Noninvasive assessment of liver disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2019; 156: 1264
• 7 Bernal W, Wendon J. Acute Liver Failure. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 2525-34
• 8 Koch A, Trautwein C, Tacke F. Akutes Leberversagen. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2017; 112: 371
• 9 Hadem J, Tacke F, Bruns T. et al Etiologies and outcomes of acute liver failure in Germany. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 10 (06) 664-9
• 10 Streetz KL, Tacke F, Koch A. et al Acute liver failure: Diagnosis and therapy. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2013; 108: 639-45
• 11 Angeli P, Bernardi M, Villanueva C. et al EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2018; 69: 406-60
• 12 Peng Y, Qi X, Guo X. Child-Pugh versus MELD Score for the assessment of prognosis in liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Medicine 2016; 95 (08) e2877
• 13 Cholongitas E, Papatheodoridis G v., Vangeli M. et al Systematic review: the model for end-stage liver disease – should it replace Child-Pugh’s classification for assessing prognosis in cirrhosis?. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 1079-89
• 14 Marchesini G, Day CP, Dufour JF. et al EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 1388-402
• 15 Boutari C, Mantzoros CS. A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: as its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on. Metabolism 2022; 133: 155217
• 16 de Franchis R, Bosch J, Garcia-Tsao G. et al Baveno VII – Renewing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2022; 76: 959-74
• 17 de Franchis R, Abraldes JG, Bajaj J. et al Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: Report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: Stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2015; 63 (03) 743-52
• 18 Montagnese S, Rautou PE, Romero-Gómez M. et al EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy. J Hepatol 2022; 77: 807-24
• 19 Khwaja A. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2012; 120: c179-84
• 20 Francoz C, Durand F, Kahn JA. et al Hepatorenal Syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 14: 774-81
• 21 Giabicani M, le Menestrel A, Roux O. et al Focus on the decisions to forego life-sustaining therapies during ICU stay of patients with cirrhosis and COVID-19: A case control study from the prospective COVID-ICU database. J Hepatol 2022; 76: 742-4
• 22 European Association for the Study of the Liver Villa E, Bianchini M, Blasi A. et al EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on prevention and management of bleeding and thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2022; 76: 1151-84