Die Ultraschalluntersuchung der hirnversorgenden Arterien (extrakraniell)

Zusammenfassung

Die Sonografie der hirnversorgenden Arterien ist eine nicht invasive und hoch effiziente Technik für die Beurteilung von Stenosen oder eines Gefäßverschlusses bei Patienten mit zerebrovaskulären Erkrankungen. Dieser Artikel fasst die Untersuchungstechnik für eine standardisierte Ultraschallbeurteilung der extrakraniellen Karotis und der A. vertebralis zusammen. Darüber hinaus werden die multiparametrischen Graduierungs-Kriterien für die Karotisstenosen (A. carotis interna) beschrieben und Empfehlungen für eine standardisierte Dokumentation der Befunde gegeben. Zudem werden Empfehlungen für die Messung der Intima-Media-Dicke und für die Klassifizierung atherosklerotischer Plaques mit B-Mode-Ultraschall genannt. Außerdem werden Kriterien für die Diagnostik von In-Stent-Stenosen, Vertebralisdissektionen und des Subclavian-Steal-Syndroms angegeben.

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