Ethylene Glycol Mediated, Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Bis(pyrazolo) pyridines and Their Photophysical Studies

Markabandhu Shanthi; Ravichandran Janani; Arulmozhi Puhazhendhi; Bhaskaran Shankar; Soumya Sivalingam; Subburethinam Ramesh

doi:10.1055/a-2427-5951

Synthesis, Table of Contents

Synthesis 2025; 57(03): 675-683
DOI: 10.1055/a-2427-5951

paper

Ethylene Glycol Mediated, Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Bis(pyrazolo) pyridines and Their Photophysical Studies

Markabandhu Shanthi

^aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India

,

Ravichandran Janani

^aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India

,

Arulmozhi Puhazhendhi

^aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India

,

Bhaskaran Shankar

^bDepartment of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai 625 015, Tamil Nadu, India

,

Soumya Sivalingam

^aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India

,

Subburethinam Ramesh∗

^aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India

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Abstract

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Abstract

A new hetero-annulation procedure for the selective synthesis of bis(pyrazolo)-fused pyridines using pyrazole-5-amines and aryl glyoxal monohydrate is described. This distinct hetero-annulation, carried out under catalyst-free conditions with ethylene glycol as the medium, illustrates a domino reaction that involves the formation of two C–C bonds and one C–N bond. The photophysical properties of the synthesized derivatives were briefly analyzed. The emission spectra of the derivatives exhibited distinct charge transfer peaks, which depends on the structure of the derivatives. The green metrics calculation for the protocol to quantify the waste, reaction efficiency, and sustainability was evaluated.

Key words

bis(pyrazolo)pyridines - metal free - ethylene glycol - pyrazolopyridine

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References

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