Abstract
This study examined the immediate effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular
facilitation warm-ups on isokinetic strength, endurance, and body balance in 50
football players. Data collection spanned four sessions, each separated by full
rest. The isokinetic strength of the hip, knee, and ankle flexion and extension
was measured using a dynamometer at 60°/s, 180°/s, and 240°/s. Endurance was
assessed at 240°/s through 25 repetitions, analyzing peak torque changes. On the
first day, participants performed general warm-ups followed by balance and
strength tests. Subsequent sessions repeated these tests with additional
measurements. Results showed that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
warm-ups significantly improved the static and dynamic balance compared to other
methods. Peak torque measurements at all speeds also highlighted the superior
effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation warm-ups.
Additionally, this warm-up approach provided greater acute enhancement in knee
joint isokinetic endurance. In conclusion, proprioceptive neuromuscular
facilitation warm-ups increased the isokinetic strength, endurance, and balance
in football players. Incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
warm-ups into football training especially for lower body preparation is
recommended. Combining them with active warm-ups may further boost acute
performance.
Keywords
PNF - isokinetic strength - balance - endurance - warm-up
