Abstract
Introduction
Gynecological cancers, including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial
malignancies, contribute significantly to the global cancer burden.
Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT), using both double-stranded DNA viruses (such as
adenovirus, vaccinia, and herpesvirus) and single-stranded RNA viruses
(including positive-sense viruses like coxsackievirus and poliovirus, and
negative-sense viruses like measles and Newcastle disease virus), has
emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. This review aims to evaluate
the current state and future prospects of OVT in treating gynecological
cancers.
Methodology
A literature search was conducted from December 2005 to December 2024 using
databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science with keywords such as
“oncolytic virotherapy,” “gynecological cancers,” and specific virus types.
Studies were included after assessing the efficacy, safety, mechanisms of
action, and combinatorial use of OVT with other therapies. Exclusions
included non-English publications, non-gynecological cancer studies, and
those without relevant clinical or experimental data. This review thoroughly
explores OVT’s potential in gynecological cancer treatment.
Conclusion
Oncolytic virotherapy demonstrates transformative potential for managing
gynecological cancers. Whether used as monotherapy or in combination with
other treatments, OVT shows promise in improving therapeutic outcomes and
patient survival. However, further research is necessary to optimize its
clinical application.
Keywords
adenovirus - cervical cancer - endometrial cancer - oncolytic virotherapy - ovarian
cancer - virus
