Zusammenfassung
Das Auftreten von sog. Intervallkarzinomen im Rahmen von Vorsorgekoloskopien wirft
die Frage auf, ob es sich hier allein um Defizite der Endoskopie handelt, oder ob
es auch biologisch aggressivere Vorläuferläsionen als die traditionellen Dickdarmadenome
gibt, welche eine raschere Progression zum Karzinom zeigen. Gestützt auf aktuelle
molekulargenetische Befunde, die einen neuen, alternativen Kanzerogeneseweg (= „Serrated
Pathway“) aufzeigen, fokussiert sich das Interesse auf die serratierten bzw. „Sägeblatt“-Polypen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit soll eine Übersicht über die Pathogenese, die Nomenklatur und
Diagnostik dieser Läsionen geben und die klinischen Implikationen zur Therapie und
Nachsorge aufzeigen.
Abstract
The occurrence of so-called interval colorectal cancers in surveillance colonoscopies
raises the question whether these cancers were missed in previous colonoscopies or
whether they have arisen from more aggressive precursor lesions with faster progression
to invasive cancer than conventional adenomas in between colonoscopies. Current molecular
findings suggest an alternate pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis (the “serrated
pathway”), in which so-called serrated adenomas and not conventional adenomas are
thought to act as the precursor lesions of colorectal cancers following this alternate
route. This article will give an overview of the pathogenesis, nomenclature and diagnostics
of these lesions and will show their implications for therapy and management.
Schlüsselwörter
sessiles serratiertes Adenom - traditionelles serratiertes Adenom - serratierter Signal- / Karzinogeneseweg
- Präkanzerosen - Kolorektum
Key words
sessile serrated adenoma - traditional serrated adenoma - serrated pathway - precancerous
lesions - colorectum
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G. B. Baretton
Institut für Pathologie · Universitätsklinikum „Carl Gustav Carus“ · TU Dresden
Fetscherstr. 74
01307 Dresden
Phone: 03 51 / 4 58 30 00
Fax: 03 51 / 4 58 43 28
Email: gustavo.baretton@uniklinikum-dresden.de