Zusammenfassung
Die proliferative Vitreoretinopathie (PVR) der unteren Netzhaut bleibt klinisch anspruchsvoll.
Um eine bessere Tamponadewirkung im unteren Netzhautbereich zu erzielen, wurden Substanzen
entwickelt, die schwerer als Wasser sind. Die Parameter, die eine optimale intraokulare
Tamponade bewirken, werden diskutiert und die Einflussgrößen spezifisches Gewicht,
Auftrieb, Oberflächenspannung und Viskosität definiert. Perfluorcarbone und teilfluorinierte
Alkane werden häufig mit einer Emulsifikation der Tamponade, intraokularer Entzündung
und Druckanstiegen assoziiert. Diese Nebenwirkungen sind bei Mischungen dieser Substanzen
mit Silikonölen (schwere Silikonöle) geringer ausgeprägt. 2 kürzlich entwickelte Substanzen,
Oxane HD und Densiron 68, werden klinisch gut toleriert mit dem konventionellen Silikonöl
ähnlichen Nebenwirkungen. Schwere Tamponaden verbessern die inferiore Tamponade und
können als neue Generation von Glaskörpertamponaden gesehen werden.
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy in the inferior retina remains clinically challenging.
Heavier-than-water intraocular tamponades have been developed to improve inferior
tamponading properties. The parameters of an optimal intraocular tamponade are defined
and the influences of the specific gravity, buoyancy, interfacial tension, and viscosity
are discussed. Perfluorocarbon liquids and partially fluorinated alkanes were associated
with tamponade emulsification, intraocular inflammation, and rises in intraocular
pressure that were less prominent in admixtures of these substances with silicone
oil (heavy silicone oils). Two recently developed heavy silicone oil tamponades, Oxane
HD and Densiron 68, are well tolerated and have entered clinical practice. The side
effects are associated with the chemical properties of the tamponading agent and seem
comparable to those seen with conventional silicone oil. Heavy silicone oil tamponade
improves inferior tamponade and may be considered as a new generation of intraocular
tamponades.
Schlüsselwörter
Retina - Glaskörper - Tamponade
Key words
retina - vitreous - tamponades
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Prof. Dr. Antonia M. Joussen
Universitäts-Augenklinik Düsseldorf
Moorenstr. 5
40225 Düsseldorf
Phone: ++ 49/2 11/8 11 73 20
Fax: ++ 49/2 11/8 11 62 41
Email: joussena@googlemail.com