Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die schweren Silikonöltamponaden Densiron und Oxane HD haben in den vergangenen Jahren
eine zunehmende Verbreitung gefunden. Das Indikationsspektrum zur Chirurgie mit schweren
Silikonöl-Tamponaden erweitert sich dabei über die klassische Indikation der PVR-
und Ablatiochirurgie hinaus auf Gebiete, die bisher mit konventionellen Tamponaden
operiert wurden. Material und Methoden: Review der aktuellen Publikationen zur Chirurgie mit schweren Tamponaden unter besonderer
Berücksichtigung der Indikationen außerhalb der PVR-Chirurgie. Ergebnisse: Bei der Chirurgie des Makulaforamens können mit schweren Tamponaden gute bis sehr
gute anatomische und funktionelle Ergebnisse sowohl bei Primäroperation mit Verschlussraten
bis 100 % als auch bei Reoperationen wiedereröffneter Makulaforamina mit Verschlussraten
zwischen 60 % und 100 % erzielt werden. In der Indikationsgruppe der Foveoschisis
bzw. zentralen Netzhautablösung mit Makulaforamen bei hoher Myopie zeigen die meisten
Serien mit anatomischen Erfolgsraten bis 83 % positive Ergebnisse im Vergleich zu
konventionellen Tamponaden. Weitere Indikationen, in denen schwere Tamponaden verwendet
wurden, sind Retinoschisis, retinale Nekrose, Endophthalmitis, proliferative diabetische
Retinopathie, Veneastokklusionen, Frühgeborenenretinopathie, Bulbushypotonie und Aderhautamotio.
Die publizierten Komplikationsraten sind gering und entsprechen den Komplikationen,
die bei Verwendung konventioneller Tamponaden zu beobachten sind. Schlussfolgerung: Das Indikationsspektrum schwerer Silikontamponaden erweitert sich kontinuierlich.
Als wichtigste Indikationen außerhalb der PVR- und Ablatiochirurgie sind Makulaforamina,
wiedereröffnete Makulaforamina und zentrale Netzhautablösungen bei hoher Myopie mit
oder ohne Makulaforamen zu nennen. Bei diesen Indikationen können mit schweren Tamponaden
gute bis sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Ein aussagekräftiger Vergleich zu konventionellen
Tamponaden ist jedoch aufgrund der begrenzten Anzahl an Studien bisher nicht möglich.
Abstract
Background: The heavy silicone oil tamponades Densiron and Oxane HD are gaining in popularity
amongst vitreoretinal surgeons over recent years. In addition to the classical indications
of complicated retinal detachment and PVR, the spectrum is continuously expanding
and includes diseases that up to now have been treated with conventional tamponades.
Material and methods: Review of recent studies on vitreoretinal surgery with heavy tamponades outside of
surgery for PVR and retinal detachment. Results: In macular hole surgery, good to excellent anatomic and functional results have been
reported using heavy tamponades with primary closure rates of up to 100 % of the cases.
In reoperations of reopened macular holes, the reported success rates were between
60 % and 100 %. In the group of patients with foveoschisis or central retinal detachment
in high myopia with or without macular hole, relatively high reattachment rates of up
to 83 % of the cases have been reported. Other reported indications for the use of
heavy tamponades are retinoschisis, retinal necrosis, endophthalmitis, proliferative
diabetic retinopathy, branch retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity, hypotony
and choroidal detachment. The published complication rates are low and do not exceed
those of conventional tamponades. Conclusion: The spectrum of indications for heavy tamponades is constantly expanding. In addition
to retinal detachment and PVR surgery, macular holes, reopened macular holes and central
retinal detachments or foveoschisis associated with high myopia seem to be the most
important diseases that are currently treated with heavy tamponades with good to excellent
results published so far. However, a comprehensive comparison with conventional tamponades
cannot be made at present because of the limited number of patients and studies published
on this subject.
Schlüsselwörter
schweres Silikonöl - Densiron - Oxane HD - Makulaforamen - hohe Myopie
Key words
heavy silicone oil - Densiron - Oxane HD - macular hole - high myopia
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PD Dr. Heinrich Heimann
St. Pauls Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Prescot Street
L7 8XP Liverpool
England
Telefon: + 44/1 51/7 06 39 70
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eMail: heinrich.heimann@gmail.com