Zusammenfassung
Brustkrebspatientinnen erleiden durch die Erkrankung und aggressive
medizinische Therapie weit reichende physische und psychische
Einschränkungen. Vermehrt rücken auch die kognitiven Fähigkeiten
in den wissenschaftlichen Fokus, unter deren Einschränkung viele
Betroffene während und nach der Behandlung leiden, das so genannte
„Chemobrain”. Bisherige Studien mit Demenzkranken zeigten
deutliche Verbesserungen in der Kognition durch bewegungstherapeutische
Interventionen. Ziel dieser vorliegenden prospektiven und kontrollierten Studie
ist die Überprüfung der Effekte eines strukturierten
Krafttrainingsprogramms auf die kognitiven Fähigkeiten von
Mammakarzinompatientinnen während der Chemotherapie. Dazu involvierten die
Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, das Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum
Heidelberg und das Brustzentrum der Universitätsklinik Köln 6 Wochen
post-OP 20 Probandinnen, 12 in die Interventions- (IG) und 8 in die
Kontrollgruppe (KG), in die Studie. Das Training wird als Krafttraining mit
55 % der Maximalkraft, 8 bis 12 Wiederholungen und 3 Serien
durchgeführt. Der Interventionszeitraum wird auf 12 Wochen festgelegt. Die
Erfassung der kognitiven Fähigkeiten erfolgte unmittelbar vor und nach dem
Trainingsprogramm mittels Memo-Gedächtnistest,
d2-Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungstest und Wilde-Intelligenz-Subtest. Die Ergebnisse
zeigten, dass die IG bei zwei der drei Kognitionstests signifikante
Verbesserungen (bis zu 21 %) in der geistigen Leistung hatte. Im
Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe konnten zudem signifikant bessere Ergebnisse
nachgewiesen werden (bis zu 143 %). Die Mechanismen sind
weiterhin unklar, doch es werden hormonelle, zerebrale und psychische
Zusammenhänge vermutet, die durch die Aktivität möglicherweise
positiv beeinflusst werden und damit die kognitiven Fähigkeiten
verbessern. Weitere Untersuchungen müssen folgen, da die Aussagekraft
aufgrund der geringen Probandenzahl eingeschränkt ist.
Abstract
Effects of a 3-month resistance training
intervention on the cognitive abilities of breast cancer patients during
chemotherapy
Breast cancer patients suffer from far-reaching physical and
psychological restrictions due to the illness and aggressive medical therapy.
The sciences are increasingly focusing on the cognitive abilities, which are
also often restricted. Many patients suffer from the so-called
„Chemobrain” during and after the treatment. Previous studies
with dementia patients showed clear cognitive improvements after therapeutic
exercise interventions. The aim of this present prospective and controlled
study is to examine the effects of a structured, classical resistance training
program on the cognitive abilities of breast cancer patients during
chemotherapy. The German Sport University Cologne, the German Cancer Research
Center Heidelberg and the Breast Center of the University Clinic Cologne
included 12 patients in the intervention (IG) and 8 in the control group (KG),
6 weeks post-operative. The performed training was a resistance training, which
included 3 series of 8 to 12 repetitions with an intensity of
55 % of the maximum force. The defined intervention period was 12
weeks. The assessment of the cognitive abilities (n = 12) took
place directly before and after the training program, using the note memory
test, d2-Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungstest and savage intelligence subtest. For
the first time, the results showed that the intervention group significantly
improved mental effort in two of the three cognition tests (till
21 %). Also, in comparison to the control group the results were
significantly better (till 143 %). The mechanisms are further
unclear. However, hormonal, cerebral and psychological connections are
discussed, which may be positively influenced by the activity and therefore
improve the cognitive abilities. Further investigations must follow, since the
validity of this study is limited due to the small sample size.
Schlüsselwörter
Brustkrebs - Kognition - Krafttraining - Gedächtnis - körperliche Aktivität
Keywords
Breast cancer - cognition - resistance training - brain - physical activity
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Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. Freerk T. Baumann
Institut für Kreislaufforschung
und
Sportmedizin
Abteilung für molekulare und
zelluläre
Sportmedizin
Deutsche Sporthochschule
Köln
Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6
50933 Köln
Email: f.baumann@dshs-koeln.de
