The Role of Novel Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns

Ioanna Argyri; Theodoros Xanthos; Marianna Varsami; Filippia Aroni; Apostolos Papalois; Ismene Dontas; Vassillios Fanos; Nicoletta Iacovidou

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1326985

American Journal of Perinatology, Table of Contents

Am J Perinatol 2013; 30(05): 347-352
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326985

Review Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

The Role of Novel Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns

Authors

Ioanna Argyri

¹National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
Theodoros Xanthos

¹National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
Marianna Varsami

¹National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
Filippia Aroni

¹National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
Apostolos Papalois

²Experimental Research Centre, ELPEN Pharmaceuticals, Athens, Greece
Ismene Dontas

¹National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
Vassillios Fanos

³Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Pediatric Sciences, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Nicoletta Iacovidou

⁴2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neonatal Division, Aretaieio Hospital Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to the rapid loss of renal function. In clinical practice, AKI is common among hospitalized patients of all age groups including neonates and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality due to its late diagnosis and therefore delayed therapeutic intervention. Although the precise incidence of AKI in newborn is unknown, several studies have reported that 8 to 24% of all critically ill newborns in neonatal intensive care units may develop the condition. We aim at reviewing the existing literature on novel serum and urinary biomarkers and discuss their role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of AKI in newborns. Specifically, this review will focus on cystatin C (CysC), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in serum and on CysC, NGAL, kidney injury molecule-1, and IL-18 in urine.

Keywords

acute kidney injury - newborns - biomarkers - creatinine

Full Text

References

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