Prenatal Immunomodulation Treatment in Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis

S. Welcker; M. Heckmann; R. Axt-Fliedner; D. Faas

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1349888

Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2013; 217(04): 139-143
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349888

Case Report

Prenatal Immunomodulation Treatment in Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis

Pränatale immunmodulierende Therapie bei neonataler Myasthenia gravis

Autor*innen

S. Welcker

¹Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany

²Department of Neuropediatrics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
M. Heckmann

¹Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany

⁴Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
R. Axt-Fliedner

³Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
D. Faas

¹Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany

Abstract

Neonatal mysthenia gravis (NMG) is a rare cause of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) due to diaplacental transfer of maternal acetylcholine receptors (AChR) antibodies. 2 cases of severe NMG complicated by chronic lung disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension are reported. With respect to the severe course of the index patient, prenatal diagnosis and immunomodulation treatment were offered during the 2^nd pregnancy. The combination of prenatal immunoadsorption (IA) therapy, administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and prednisolone failed. Failure may be partly explained by immaturity of the infant. However, considering the successful treatment of fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (AIT) reported in literature, a treatment approach with IVIG doses up to 1–2 g/kg per week plus prednisone/prednisolone at a higher dose up to 1 mg/kg/d might be more effective.

Zusammenfassung

Die neonatale Myasthenia gravis (NMG) ist eine seltene Ursache einer Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) bedingt durch den diaplazentaren Übertritt maternaler Acetylcholinrezeptor (AChR) Antikörper. Wir berichten über 2 Fälle mit schwerer NMG, welche in Folge chronischer Lungenschäden und pulmonaler Hypertension kompliziert verliefen. Aufgrund des schweren klinischen Verlaufs des Indexpatienten wurde eine entsprechende Pränataldiagnostik und pränatale immunmodulierende Therapie während der 2.Schwangerschaft initiiert. Die Kombination aus pränataler Immunadsorption (IA), Gabe von intravenösen Immunglobulin (IVIG) und Prednisolon brachte nicht den gewünschten Erfolg. Das Scheitern kann zum Teil auch in der Frühgeburtlichkeit des Kindes begründet sein. Möglicherweise wäre ein Behandlungsansatz analog zu den in der Literatur beschriebenen erfolgreichen Ansätzen bei fetaler/neonataler Alloimmunthrombozytopenie mit IVIG-Dosen bis zu 1–2 g/kg/Woche und höheren Prednison/Prednisolongaben bis zu 1 mg/kg/d erfolgsversprechender.

Key words

Neonatal mysthenia gravis - arthrogryposis multiplex congenita - acetylcholine receptors antibodies - prenatal immunomodulation treatment - immunoadsorption - IVIG

Schlüsselwörter

Neonatale Mysthenia gravis - Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita - Acetylcholinrezeptor Antikörper - pränatale immunmodulierende Therapie - Immunadsorption - IVIG

Volltext

Referenzen

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