Perceived Exertion, Time of Immersion and Physiological Correlates in Synchronized Swimming

L. Rodríguez-Zamora; X. Iglesias; A. Barrero; D. Chaverri; A. Irurtia; P. Erola; F. A. Rodríguez

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1353177

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Int J Sports Med 2014; 35(05): 403-411
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1353177

Training & Testing

Perceived Exertion, Time of Immersion and Physiological Correlates in Synchronized Swimming

L. Rodríguez-Zamora

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

,

X. Iglesias

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

,

A. Barrero

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

,

D. Chaverri

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

,

A. Irurtia

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

,

P. Erola

²Department of Computer Engineering and Mathematics, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain

,

F. A. Rodríguez

¹Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), INEFC-Barcelona Sports Science Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, CR-10), heart rate (HR), peak blood lactate (La_peak), and immersion (IM) parameters in 17 elite synchronized swimmers performing 30 solo and duet routines during competition. All were video recorded (50 Hz) and an observational instrument was used to time the IM phases. Differences in the measured variables were tested using a linear mixed-effects model. RPE was 7.7±1.1 and did not differ among routines, and neither did any of the HR parameters. There were differences among routines in La_peak (F_3,7=16.5; P=0.002), number of IM (F_3,15=14.0; P<0.001), total time immersed (F_3,16=26.6; P<0.001), percentage of time immersed (F_3,13=6.5; P=0.007) and number of IM longer than 10 s (F_3,19=3.0; P=0.04). RPE correlated positively to HR pre-activation, range of variation and recovery, IM parameters and La_peak, and inversely to minimum and mean HR. A hierarchical multiple linear regression (MLR) model (number of IM > 10 s, HR recovery, minimum HR, and La_peak) explained 62% RPE variance (adj. R_m ²=0.62; P<0.001). A stepwise MLR model (La_peak, mean IM time and pre-exercise HR) explained 46% of performance variance (adj. R_m ²=0.46; P<0.001). Findings highlight the psycho-physical stress imposed by the combination of intense dynamic exercise with repeated and prolonged apnea intervals during SS events.

Key words

synchronized swimming - RPE - blood lactate - heart rate - apnea - water immersion

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