Nicht-kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom: Neues aus der Immuntherapie

Zusammenfassung

Tumorzellen haben die Eigenschaft

• sich gegenüber dem angeborenen und erworbenen Immunsystem zu tarnen und

• das Immunsystem zu modulieren.

Dies gilt auch für das nicht-kleinzellige Lungenkarzinom.

Mehrere immunmodulatorische Therapieansätze werden beim Lungenkarzinom derzeit in klinischen Studien getestet. Bisherige Ergebnisse, die insbesondere aus frühen klinischen Studien stammen, lassen auch beim Lungenkarzinom auf einen weiteren generellen Therapieansatzes für unterschiedliche Krankheitsstadien hoffen. Dazu gehören v. a. Antikörper gegen sogenannte Immun-Checkpoints, wie den

• Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) -Rezeptor und den

• programmed death-1 (PD-1) -Rezeptor

Ergebnisse aus Phase-III-Studien müssen noch abgewartet werden.

Abstract

Immune evasion is recognized as a key strategy for survival and progression of several cancer entities including non-small cell lung cancer. Hence, various approaches to restore anti-tumor immune responses are currently investigated. In particular, agents targeting immune checkpoint receptors, such as the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 receptor and programmed death-1 receptor have shown promise in early clinical trials. With multiple studies under way, there are high expectations that treatment outcomes in patients with lung cancer who are ineligible for complete surgical resection may be improved with the incorporation of immunotherapies in the various treatment cascades.

Schlüsselwörter

Checkpoint-Inhibitoren - Nebenwirkungen - Kombinationstherapie

Key words

checkpoint inhibitors - side effects - combination therapy

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