Am J Perinatol 2017; 34(01): 96-104
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584541
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

The Association between Positive Tracheal Aspirate Cultures and Adverse Pulmonary Outcomes in Preterm Infants with Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Jacobus Tramper
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2   Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,
Huayan Zhang
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Elizabeth E. Foglia
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Kevin C. Dysart
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Michael A. Padula
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Kaede V. Sullivan
3   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Erik A. Jensen
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

08. März 2016

16. Mai 2016

Publikationsdatum:
10. Juni 2016 (online)

Abstract

Objective Bacterial colonization of the airway may contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Whether airway colonization increases risk for later adverse respiratory outcomes is less clear. We described tracheal aspirate culture results obtained from preterm infants receiving mechanical ventilation at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and evaluated the association between bacteria type and the risk for prolonged supplemental oxygen use.

Study Design We conducted a retrospective, single-center cohort study comparing infants (1) with and without a tracheal aspirate culture that grew a Gram-negative rod (GNR) and (2) with and without a culture that grew a Gram-positive cocci (GPC).

Results Among 121 infants, 65 (53.7%) and 51 (42.2%) had a tracheal aspirate culture that grew a potentially pathogenic GNR and GPC prior to 36 weeks PMA, respectively. GNR were associated with increased risk for death or use of supplemental oxygen at discharge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8–21.1), and use of supplemental oxygen at discharge among survivors (aOR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.6–19.0). GPC did not affect the risk for any study outcomes.

Conclusion GNR but not GPC in the airways of preterm infants receiving mechanical ventilation at 36 weeks PMA is associated with increased risk for prolonged supplemental oxygen use.

 
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