Semin Thromb Hemost 2017; 43(08): 864-870
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604112
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Risk Stratification for Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Role of CHADS2 Score

Ri-Bo Tang*
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Zhi-Yuan Xu*
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Uma Mahesh R. Avula
2   Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York
,
Jian-Zeng Dong
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Xin Du
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Jia-Hui Wu
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Rong-Hui Yu
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
De-Yong Long
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Man Ning
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Cai-Hua Sang
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Chen-Xi Jiang
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Rong Bai
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Song-Nan Wen
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Song-Nan Li
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Xuan Chen
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
,
Chang-Sheng Ma
1   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
27 July 2017 (online)

Abstract

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study sought to explore if the CHADS2 score could predict the prognosis of PE in patients with AF. In a tertiary hospital, 4,288 consecutive patients with diagnosis of PE were screened. In total, 305 patients with PE had AF and were included in this retrospective study. In-hospital outcome was defined as at least one of the following: death from any cause, need for intravenous catecholamine administration, endotracheal intubation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or thrombolytic therapy. The in-hospital outcome occurred in 10.2% of the patients. Patients with adverse outcome had higher CHADS2 score, CHA2DS2-VASc score, and simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) score. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.66, 0.62, and 0.71 for CHADS2 score, CHA2DS2-VASc score, and sPESI score, respectively, in predicting in-hospital outcome. The incidence of in-hospital outcome was 3.4 and 14.4% in sPESI = 0 and sPESI ≥1 groups (p < 0.01). CHADS2 also had good predictive value with the incidence of in-hospital outcome, being 4.6% in CHADS2 < 2 and 14.3% in CHADS2 ≥ 2 groups (p < 0.01). The incidences of in-hospital outcome were 2.6, 4.8, 7.4, and 17.3% in patients with sPESI = 0 and CHADS2 < 2, sPESI = 0 and CHADS2 ≥ 2, sPESI ≥ 1 and CHADS2 < 2, and sPESI ≥ 1 and CHADS2 ≥ 2 (p < 0.01), respectively. In multivariable analysis, CHADS2 (odds ratio: 1.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.11–2.02; p < 0.01) was an independent predictor of in-hospital adverse outcome. High CHADS2 score could predict worse in-hospital outcome in patients with PE and AF.

* Drs. Ri-Bo Tang and Zhi-Yuan Xu contributed equally and share the first authorship.


 
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