Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

C. Denzer; M. Wabitsch

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1618699

Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 2010; 04(02): 70-78
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1618699

NAFLD/NASH bei Adipositas

Schattauer GmbH

Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children and adolescents

C. Denzer

¹Sektion Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Interdisziplinäre Adipositasambulanz, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ulm

,

M. Wabitsch

¹Sektion Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Interdisziplinäre Adipositasambulanz, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ulm

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) ist heute die häufigste Lebererkrankung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in den industrialisierten Ländern. In Deutschland sind nach vorliegenden Untersuchungen ca. 30 Prozent der adipösen Kinder und Jugendlichen von einer NAFLD betroffen. Das Spektrum der NAFLD bei Kindern und Jugendlichen reicht von der einfachen Leberverfettung (Steatosis hepatis), über die Fettleberentzündung (Steatohepatitis) bis hin zu Fibrose und Zirrhose, d. h. Funktionsverlust des Lebergewebes. Alter, Geschlecht, Ethnizität, Insulin - resistenz und Sexualhormone sind wichtige Faktoren in der Pathogenese einer NAFLD bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die NAFLD ist zudem bereits im Kindes- und Jugendalter mit erheblicher, frühmanifester kardiovaskulärer Komorbidität assoziiert. Die vorliegende Literaturübersicht fasst aktuelle Daten zur Epidemiologie, Pathophysiologie, Komorbidität und Therapie der NAFLD im Kindes- und Jugendalter zusammen.

Summary

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in children and adolescents in industrialized countries. Recent studies demonstrate a prevalence rate of NAFLD in overweight and obese children and adolescents in Germany of up to 30 %. The spectrum of NAFLD ranges from pure fatty infiltration (steatosis) to inflammation (steatohepatitis, also known as NASH) to fibrosis and even cirrhosis, which consequently means loss of function of liver tissue. Age, gender, ethnicity, insulin resistance, and sex steroids are implicated in the pathogenesis NAFLD in childhood and adolescence. Moreover, NAFLD in the pediatric age group is associated with marked cardiovascular comorbidities. This review focuses on current data regarding empidemiology, pathophysiology, comorbidities, and treatment of NAFLD in children and adolescents.

Schlüsselwörter

Nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung - Steatohepatitis - Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter - Insulinresistenz - viszerales Fettgewebe

Keywords

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - non-alcoholic steatohepatitis - childhood obesity - insulin resistance - visceral adipose tissue

Volltext

Referenzen

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