Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2014; 42(02): 117-124
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623753
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Nekrotisierende Fasziitis: ein Überblick

Necrotizing fasciitis: a review
M. C. Nolff
1   Chirurgische und Gynäkologische Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
A. Meyer-Lindenberg
1   Chirurgische und Gynäkologische Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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Publikationsverlauf

Eingegangen: 29. Dezember 2013

Akzeptiert nach Revision: 10. März 2013

Publikationsdatum:
06. Januar 2018 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Bei der nekrotisierenden Fasziitis handelt es sich um eine selten auftretende bakterielle Infektionserkrankung, die beim Menschen eine hohe Mortalität (25–40%) aufweist und in der Veterinärmedizin häufig zu spät erfasst wird. Eine schnelle Diagnose ist essenziell, da der Erfolg einer Therapie wesentlich von der Zeit, die bis zur chirurgischen Intervention vergeht, und dem Umfang des Debridements abhängt. Nicht immer bestehen eindeutige klinische Symptome, was die Dia gnosestellung erschwert. Obwohl es Unterschiede hinsichtlich der mikrobiologischen Ätiologie gibt, ist das Krankheitsbild bei Hund und Katze mit der Situation beim Menschen vergleichbar. Der Artikel bietet anhand der aktuellen Literatur und klinischer Erfahrungen ein Überblick über Ätiologie, Pathophysiologie, Diagnose, Therapie und Prognose der Erkrankung.

Summary

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, fatal bacterial infection associated with a high morbidity in humans (25–40%) that is frequently underdiagnosed in veterinary patients. Rapid diagnosis of the disease is mandatory because the time to surgical intervention and the degree of debridement are the only predictive variables that influence a successful outcome. Specific clinical signs are not always present, which makes an accurate diagnosis difficult. Despite differences in microbiological etiology, the disease pattern is comparable between canine, feline and human cases. Based on the current literature and our own experience, this article presents a review of the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, therapy and prognosis of the disease.

 
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