Husten

Zusammenfassung

Husten, ein physikalischer Abwehrmechanismus, entstehend aus einem Zusammenspiel eines erhöhten intrathorakalen Druckes, einer Verminderung des Atemwegswiderstandes und eines Glottisverschlusses wird durch einen neurologischen Schaltkreis geregelt. Dieser besteht aus einem vielfältigen Rezep torsystem mit capsaicinsensiblen und -unsensiblen Rezeptoren in den oberen und den großen Atemwegen. Die vagalen afferenten Fasern enden im Nucleus tractus solitarius des Hirnstammes, wo die Signalübertragung über Glutamat- und Neurokininsynapsen stattfindet, beeinflusst von Steuerungsneuronen und über die normalen efferenten respiratorischen Motoneuronen zu den respiratorischen Muskeln gelangt.

Summary

Cough a physical defense mechanism generated by the interaction of a high intrathoracic pressure, a reduced airway diameter and the closure of the glottis, is controlled by a neurological control system. It consists of a diverse receptor system with capsaicin sensitive and capsaicin insensitive receptors in the upper airways and the large airways. The afferent vagal nerves end in the nucleus tractus solitarius in the brainstem, where the signal transduction is regulated by glutamat and neurokine synpases, is influenced by gap neurons and is transferred by the normal respiratory neurons to the respiratory muscles.

Schlüsselwörter

Hustenmechanismus - Hustenneurone - Hustenstimuli - afferente Hustennerven - zentrale Hustenregulation

Keywords

Cough mechanism - cough neurons - cough stimuli - cough receptors - afferent cough nerves - central cough regulation

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