Summary
Objectives: This literature review sought to identify the established evidence of the health
and healthcare benefits (or harms) from the use of electronic personal health records
(PHRs) and PHR systems.
Methods: The definition of a PHR published in ISO 14292 was used to scope this review and
the search strategy. Publications were included if the introduction of a PHR was the
primary intervention, and if its evaluation met one of the Cochrane EPOC Group criteria.
Studies were excluded if they only reported the design or basic user acceptance of
a PHR system without an assessment of its impact on individuals and/or their health
care. The impacts were classified according to the six aims of 21st-century health
care defined by the US Institute of Medicine.
Results: Searches were conducted in PubMed in December 2012. Out of 741 papers that met our
initial search criteria, 31 were retained after title and abstract screening. After
full paper review 5 studies were found to report original evidence of impact. Of these,
three reported beneficial impacts on effectiveness, one on patient centredness, and
one study reported impact on both aims. No harmful effects were reported.
Conclusions: Although this literature review did identify some evidenced benefits from the use
of PHRs and systems, our main observation is that there are very few studies published
that seek to formally evaluate impact. The majority of publications we screened documented
designs or basic user acceptance. Further investment in evaluation is needed to inform
the evolution of this field.
Keywords
Personal health records - evaluation research - review - evidence-based health care
- empirical research
