Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019; 32(01): 059-066
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676335
Original Research
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Biomechanical Comparison of Two Locking Plate Constructs Under Cyclic Loading in Four-Point Bending in a Fracture Gap Model: Two Screws versus Three Screws Per Fragment

Sophie Palierne
1   Unité de Chirurgie, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
,
Baptiste Froidefond
1   Unité de Chirurgie, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
,
Pascal Swider
2   Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse UMR CNRS 5502, Toulouse, France
,
André Autefage
1   Unité de Chirurgie, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

12 December 2017

06 October 2018

Publication Date:
15 January 2019 (online)

Abstract

Objectives The number of locking screws required per fragment during bridging osteosynthesis has not been fully determined in the dog. The purpose of this study was to assess the survival of two constructs, with either two or three screws per fragment, under cyclic bending.

Methods A 10-hole, 3.5-mm stainless steel locking compression plate was fixed 1 mm away from a bone surrogate in which the fracture gap was 47 mm. Two groups of 10 constructs, prepared with either two or three bicortical locking screws placed at the extremities of each fragment, were tested in a load-controlled 4-point bending test (range 0.7 to + 7 Nm) until failure.

Results The 3-screw constructs were stiffer than the 2-screw constructs (19.73 ± 0.68 N/mm vs. 15.52 ± 0.51 N/mm respectively) and the interfragmentary relative displacements were higher for the 2-screw constructs (11.17 ± 0.88%) than for the 3-screw constructs (8.00 ± 0.45%). The difference between the number of cycles to failure for the 3-screw constructs (162,448 ± 30,073 cycles) and the 2-screw constructs (143,786 ± 10,103 cycles) was not significant. Failure in all constructs was due to plate fracture at the level of the compression holes.

Clinical Significance Omission of the third innermost locking screw during bridging osteosynthesis subjected to bending forces led to a 20% reduction in construct stiffness and increased relative displacement (+39.6%) but did not change fatigue life.

Author Contribution

Sophie Palierne and André Autefage contributed to conception of study, study design, acquisition of data and data analysis and interpretation. Baptiste Froidefond contributed to study design, acquisition of data and data analysis and interpretation. Pascal Swider contributed to conception of study, study design, and data analysis and interpretation All authors drafted, revised and approved the submitted manuscript.


 
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