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J Knee Surg 2021; 34(10): 1110-1119
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701516
Original Article

Trends in Periprosthetic Knee Infection and Associated Costs: A Population-Based Study Using National Data

Robert Brochin
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Jashvant Poeran 
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
2   Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Khushdeep S. Vig
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Aakash Keswani
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Nicole Zubizarreta
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
2   Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Leesa M. Galatz
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
,
Calin Moucha
1   Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
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Abstract

Given increasing demand for primary knee arthroplasties, revision surgery is also expected to increase, with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) a main driver of costs. Recent data on national trends is lacking. We aimed to assess trends in PJI in total knee arthroplasty revisions and hospitalization costs. From the National Inpatient Sample (2003–2016), we extracted data on total knee arthroplasty revisions (n = 782,449). We assessed trends in PJI prevalence and (inflation-adjusted) hospitalization costs (total as well as per-day costs) for all revisions and stratified by hospital teaching status (rural/urban by teaching status), hospital bed size (≤299, 300–499, and ≥500 beds), and hospital region (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West). The Cochran–Armitage trend test (PJI prevalence) and linear regression determined significance of trends. PJI prevalence overall was 25.5% (n = 199,818) with a minor increasing trend: 25.3% (n = 7,828) in 2003 to 28.9% (n = 19,275) in 2016; p < 0.0001. Median total hospitalization costs for PJI decreased slightly ($23,247 in 2003–$20,273 in 2016; p < 0.0001) while median per-day costs slightly increased ($3,452 in 2003–$3,727 in 2016; p < 0.0001), likely as a function of decreasing length of stay. With small differences between hospitals, the lowest and highest PJI prevalences were seen in small (≤299 beds; 22.9%) and urban teaching hospitals (27.3%), respectively. In stratification analyses, an increasing trend in PJI prevalence was particularly seen in larger (≥500 beds) hospitals (24.4% in 2003–30.7% in 2016; p < 0.0001), while a decreasing trend was seen in small-sized hospitals. Overall, PJI in knee arthroplasty revisions appears to be slightly increasing. Moreover, increasing trends in large hospitals and decreasing trends in small-sized hospitals suggest a shift in patients from small to large volume hospitals. Decreasing trends in total costs, alongside increasing trends in per-day costs, suggest a strong impact of length of stay trends and a more efficient approach to PJI over the years (in terms of shorter length of stay).

Keywords

knee arthroplasty - revision - periprosthetic joint infection - trends

Ethical Approval

The Mount Sinai Hospital Review Board considers this study exempt based on the deidentified HIPAA-compliant nature of the data.


Supplementary Material



Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 30. Mai 2018

Angenommen: 27. Dezember 2019

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
04. März 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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