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Am J Perinatol 2021; 38(S 01): e39-e45
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702991
Original Article

Association between Food Deserts and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Large Metropolitan Area

Grace C. Banner
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
,
Kingsley N. Weaver
2   Chicago Department of Public Health, Office of Epidemiology, Chicago, Illinois
,
Tamara Rushovich
2   Chicago Department of Public Health, Office of Epidemiology, Chicago, Illinois
,
Sloane L. York
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
,
Lynn M. Yee
3   Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between urban food deserts and frequency and obstetric outcomes related to gestational diabetes.

Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton births in Chicago from 2010 to 2014. Birth certificate data were analyzed and geomapped by census tract. Census tracts were categorized as “food deserts” according to the USDA Food Access Research Atlas. The primary outcome was frequency of gestational diabetes. Secondary outcomes were assessed among women with gestational diabetes and their neonates.

Results Of the 191,947 eligible women, 8,709 (4.5%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Those in food deserts were more likely to be younger, obese, minority race/ethnicity, and multiparous. Women in food deserts were less likely to develop gestational diabetes (3.8 vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01; adjusted odds ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.86–0.96). Women with gestational diabetes did not experience worse maternal and neonatal outcomes after controlling for potential confounders.

Conclusion In contrast to prior work, women in Chicago living within food deserts were less likely to develop gestational diabetes and did not experience poorer outcomes, suggesting environmental factors other than food access contribute to perinatal outcomes.

Keywords

food desert - gestational diabetes mellitus - health outcomes - food access


Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 12. September 2019

Angenommen: 22. Januar 2020

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
02. März 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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