Dysbiosis of Oral Microflora: A Review

Abstract

Microorganisms being an integral part of human body colonise various sites, with oral cavity being one of the most densely populated environment. Within the oral cavity there are varying environment, properties of which determines the type of microbes colonising the site, while the metabolic activities of these microorganisms later on modifies the environmental properties. These microorganisms when in equilibrium confer health benefit however any alteration in the flora allows the pathogenic bacteria to outgrow in numbers and cause oral disease. Such alteration could be due to various factors. The present review article focuses on the various aspects of oral microbial flora, their role in the body, dysbiosis and factors influencing along with the reestablishment of normal healthy microbiome. A search was made on pubmed and scopus using keywords and 25 relevant articles published during 2000 to 2018 along with their references were included in the study.

With increasing knowledge of human microbiome, attempts are made to limit the alteration in oral ecosystem or re-establish the normal healthy flora as a part of prevention or treatment of diseases. This brings about change in approach which initially focused on elimination of microbes to maintaining their equilibrium.

Keywords

Oral microbiome - dysbiosis - probiotics - maintainence of oral equilibrium

Publication History

Received: 15 October 2018

Accepted: 23 November 2018

Article published online:
21 April 2020

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