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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2021; 34(01): 024-031
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717148
Original Research

Epidemiology of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation in Dogs from the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Gabriela Rudd Garces
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Analía Arizmendi
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2   Hospital Escuela de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Laura S. Barrientos
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Julián A. Crespi
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Hernán Morales
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Pilar Peral García
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Gisel Padula
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
3   Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
,
Guillermo Giovambattista 
1   IGEVET–Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas of Argentina (CONICET, Grant PIP2013-2015 N° 11220120100328CO) and the National University of La Plata (UNLP, Grant N° 11/V206).
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation and the associated risk factors in dogs.

Materials and Methods A total of 13,072 clinical records of dogs were reviewed from School Hospital (Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata). Data of age, breed, sex, body weight, patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture condition were registered. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation with the variables and then univariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation. Multivariable logistic regression was used including all variables to assess the odds of having patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

Results Of 13,072 patients treated, 72 and 51 had cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation respectively. Sex was not a major risk factor for either condition. Adult (odds ratio [OR] = 8.2) and senior (OR = 4.3) patients had increased risk of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture, while for patellar luxation age was not a risk factor. Groups 2, 3 and 8 were more likely to have cranial cruciate ligament rupture (OR = 5.5, OR = 9.1 and OR = 2.6), and group 11 had lower risk of having patellar luxation (OR = 0.08). Maxi (OR = 2.4) and giant (OR = 6.0) breeds had higher risk of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture, and medium and maxi breeds had higher risk of patellar luxation (OR = 0.05 and OR = 0.3). Multivariate OR test confirmed that age (adult), body size (giant and maxi) and breed group (Group 3) were significantly associated with having cranial cruciate ligament rupture, and age was associated with having patellar luxation.

Clinical Significance This is the first epidemiological study of cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation in dogs from School Hospital (Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata). Giant and large adult dogs from the Molossoid and Terrier breeds were more likely to have cranial cruciate ligament rupture, while mixed and large dog breeds showed the lowest risk of having patellar luxation.

Keywords

dog - prevalence - risk factor - cranial cruciate ligament rupture - patellar luxation

Authors' Contributions

G.R.G., A.A., and L.S.B. contributed to conception of study, study design contributed to study design, acquisition of data and data interpretation and analysis. J.A.C., H.M. and P.P.G. contributed to data analysis and interpretation. G.P. and G.G. contributed to conception of study, study design, and data analysis and interpretation. All authors drafted, revised and approved the submitted manuscript.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 26 May 2019

Accepted: 17 July 2020

Article published online:
14 October 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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