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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2021; 15(04): 746-754
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726162
Original Article

Clinical and Molecular Study of the NOG Gene in Families with Mandibular Micrognathism

Sandra J. Gutiérrez-Prieto
1   Department of Dental System, Department of Oral System, Center for Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Diana M. Torres-López
2   Institute for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Dabeiba A. García-Robayo
1   Department of Dental System, Department of Oral System, Center for Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Jorge A. Rey-Cubillos
3   Postgraduate Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Mariluz Gómez-Rodríguez
4   Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, School of Engineering and Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia
› Author Affiliations Funding This project was financed by Pontificia Javeriana University, grant no: 4397 and 9217.
› Further Information
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Abstract

Objectives Previous studies showed that noggin gene (NOG) sequence alterations, as well as epigenetic factors, could influence mandibular development. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical characteristics, NOG gene sequences, and promoter methylation sites in patients with mandibular micrognathism.

Materials and Methods A total of 35 individuals of five Colombian families were subject to clinical and cephalometric analysis for mandibular micrognathism. One nonaffected individual of each family was included as a control. DNA was isolated from whole blood sample from all individuals by salting out method. Nine NOG gene fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Identification of CpG islands for methylation analysis at the NOG gene promoter was performed by MSP-PCR kit (Qiagen R).

Statistical Analysis A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out evaluating the presence or absence of genetics variants and the methylation sites in the NOG gene.

Results NOG sequence results of affected individuals with mandibular micrognathism for one of the families studied demonstrated that they were heterozygous for 672 C/A (new mutation). For a second family, individuals were heterozygous for 567 G/C (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] RS116716909). For DNA analyzed from all patients studied, no methylations were observed at the NOG gene promoter region.

Conclusion Our results suggested that 672 C/A and 567 G/C variants could be involved in the presence of mandibular micrognathism. Moreover, lack of methylation sites at the NOG gene promoter region of all individuals studied suggests possibly other epigenetic factors could modulate mandibular growth. The search of genetic variants related with mandibular micrognathism will allow to predict in an integral way the development patterns of the patients and therefore establish a better clinical treatment.

Keywords

noggin gene - mandibular micrognathism - methylation - bone morphogenic proteins


Publication History

Article published online:
30 September 2021

© 2021. European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

 

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