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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 26(01): e132-e136
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730297
Original Research

Progressive Increase Trend in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Brazil

Rafael Cardoso Pires 
1   Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
,
Raiany Carvalho 
2   Researcher Support Center, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
,
Ricardo Ribeiro Gama 
1   Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
,
André Lopes Carvalho 
3   Post-Graduation Program, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
,
Carlos Roberto Santos 
1   Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
,
Renato de Castro Capuzzo 
1   Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil
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Abstract

Introduction The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is rising in the whole world.

Objective To access the prevalence and temporal trend of HPV infection in oropharyngeal cancer by analyzing the expression of the p16 protein.

Methods We conducted a transversal study in a Brazilian reference oncology center. The sample consisted of 254 patients with OSCC. The analyzed period was from 2013 to 2017. All patients underwent p16 immunohistochemistry analysis.

Results The overall prevalence of HPV-related OSCC was of 31.9%. During the analyzed period, we observed a trend of increasing rates of OSCC that marked positive for p16 immunohistochemistry. The annual prevalence of p16-positive cases was of 20.6% in 2013, 23.9% in 2014, 33.3% in 2015, 38.3% in 2016, and 34.2% in 2017. Most of the patients were stage III and IV (84%). Female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–5.888; p = 0.049) and younger patients (OR = 2.919; 95%CI: 1.682–5.067; p < 0.005) were associated with a higher risk of HPV-related OSCC. Tobacco consumption had a proportional lower risk of HPV-related OSCC (OR = 0.152; 95%CI: 0063–0.366; p < 0.005).

Conclusion We observed an increasing prevalence of HPV-related OSCC in a specialized cancer hospital in Brazil.

Keywords

oropharyngeal cancer - Human Papillomavirus - prevalence - temporal trend


Publication History

Received: 15 March 2020

Accepted: 18 December 2020

Article published online:
13 August 2021

© 2021. Fundação Otorrinolaringologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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