Anti-Periodontopathogenic Ability of Mangrove Leaves (Aegiceras corniculatum) Ethanol Extract: In silico and in vitro study

Alexander Patera Nugraha; Mada Triandala Sibero; Albertus Putera Nugraha; Martining Shoffa Puspitaningrum; Yuniar Rizqianti; Desintya Rahmadhani; Viol Dhea Kharisma; Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor; Diah Savitri Ernawati

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1741374

European Journal of Dentistry, Table of Contents

CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(01): 046-056
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741374

Original Article

Anti-Periodontopathogenic Ability of Mangrove Leaves (Aegiceras corniculatum) Ethanol Extract: In silico and in vitro study

Authors

Alexander Patera Nugraha

¹Department Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

²Division of Dental Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Mada Triandala Sibero

³Marine Science Department, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Albertus Putera Nugraha

⁴Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Martining Shoffa Puspitaningrum

⁵Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Yuniar Rizqianti

⁵Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Desintya Rahmadhani

⁵Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Viol Dhea Kharisma

⁶Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani

⁷Dentomaxillofacial Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Rini Devijanti Ridwan

⁸Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor

⁹609 Armed Forces Dental Clinic, Kem Semenggo, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
Diah Savitri Ernawati

¹⁰Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Objective Mangrove (Aegiceras corniculatum) is an abundant natural marine resource of Indonesia, which can be explored for treating periodontal disease due to its potential as immunoregulatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the active compound from Indonesian mangrove leaf extract (A. corniculatum) (MLE) for developing a herbal-based mouthwash through in silico and in vitro studies.

Materials and Methods Phytochemistry and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) were done to explore the active compounds in MLE. Chemistry screening and interaction, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), molecular docking simulation, and visualization of MLE active compounds as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial were investigated in silico The inhibition zone of MLE against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) as periodontopathogenic bacterias was performed by diffusion method. Doxycycline 100 mg was used as a positive control, as a treatment group, there were five groups, namely 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% MLE.

Results Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, tannin, and quinone were detected in MLE. A high concentration of (-)epicatechin and coumaric acid (CA) were found in MLE. MLE in 100% concentration has the most effective ability to inhibit Fn, Pg, Aa growth in vitro. (-)-Epicatechin has a higher negative binding affinity than CA that can enhance heat shock protein (HSP)-30, HSP-70, HSP-90, interleukin-10, and FOXP3 and also inhibit interleukin-6, peptidoglycan, flagellin, and dectin in silico.

Conclusion MLE of A. corniculatum has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities that can be a potential raw material for developing a herbal-based mouthwash.

Keywords

mangrove leaf extract - human health - good health and well-being - medicine - dentistry

Full Text

References

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