Einfluss toxischer Metalle auf die Krebsentstehung

Peter Jennrich; Claus Schulte-Uebbing

doi:10.1055/s-0042-103521

Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie 2016; 48(01): 14-24
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-103521

Forschung

Einfluss toxischer Metalle auf die Krebsentstehung

Autor*innen

Peter Jennrich
Claus Schulte-Uebbing

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Metalle und Schwermetalle haben Einfluss auf alle Phasen der Entstehung, des Wachstums, der Metastasierung und der Rezidivierung von Tumorerkrankungen. Wesentliche Faktoren sind die Bildung reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies und die Schädigung von Biomakromolekülen, wie DNA, Proteinen und Lipiden. Dies hat Auswirkungen auf die Funktion von Proteinkinasen und die Lipidperoxidation sowie nachgeschaltete Stoffwechselwege, die für die Onkogenese von Bedeutung sind. Durch die Veränderung der DNA-Methylierung und die Modifikation von Histonen beeinflussen fakultativ karzinogene Metalle auch die Epigenetik. Die Fähigkeit der toxischen Metalle, im menschlichen Körper über Jahrzehnte hinweg zu akkumulieren, und die Wechselwirkungen bereits sehr geringer Konzentrationen toxischer Metalle erschweren die Beurteilung des karzinogenen Potenzials der einzelnen Metalle.

Der Einsatz von Chelatbildnern ermöglicht die Diagnose und Behandlung von chronischen, niedrig dosierten Metallbelastungen, die in den Organen und im Bindegewebe des Körpers angereichert werden. Dies stellt einen kausalen Therapieansatz in der Primär- und Sekundärprävention von Tumorerkrankungen dar.

Summary

Metals and heavy metals have influence on all stages of formation, growth, metastasis and recurrence of tumor diseases. Key factors are the formation of reactive oxygen species and the damage of biomolecules, such as DNA, proteins and lipids. This affects the function of protein kinases and the lipid peroxidation as well as downstream metabolic pathways that are relevant for oncogenesis. By changing the DNA methylation and histone modifications carcinogenic metals can affect epigenetics. The ability of toxic metals to accumulate in the human body for decades, and the interactions of already very low concentrations of toxic metals, make it difficult to assess the carcinogenic potential of the single metals.

The use of chelating agents enables the diagnosis and treatment of chronic low-dose metal loads that are concentrated in the organs and in the connective tissue of the body. This represents a causal therapeutic approach in the primary and secondary prevention of tumor diseases.

Schlüsselwörter

Metalle - Proteinkinasen - reaktive Sauerstoffspezies - Lipidperoxidation - Epigenetik - Chelatbildner

Keywords

metals - protein kinases - reactive oxygen species - lipid peroxidation - epigenetics - chelating agents

Volltext

Referenzen

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