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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · International Journal of Recent Surgical and Medical Sciences 2023; 09(01): 039-044
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751085
Original Article

Prevalence and Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric Population—A Study from Central India

Pradeep Kumar Jain
1   Department of Pediatric Cardiology, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
,
Monica Lazarus
2   Department of Pediatrics, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
,
Asha Tiwari
2   Department of Pediatrics, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
,
Vivek Kumar Athwani
3   Department of Neonatology, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Abstract

Introduction Prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) is variable depending on the region and setting of study ranging from 0.8 to 6/1,000. Age of presentation depends on types of CHD and its severity. Burden of CHD is not known in this tribal belt of Central India. Main objective of this study was to find out prevalence of CHD in children. We have also studied the pattern and age of presentation of various types of CHDs.

Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted at tertiary care teaching institute in tribal belt of Central India. Children aged 0 to 15 years reported to pediatric outpatient department (OPD) were included. CHD was confirmed by echocardiography in suspected cases. Prevalence rate was calculated as number of CHDs per 1,000 OPD patients. Pattern of CHD was categorized as per standard guidelines and age-wise presentations of various types of CHD were studied.

Results The prevalence rate of CHD in our study population was 27.7/1,000, which is high when compared with most of the other hospital-based studies. Most of the patients, 60.36 and 83.26% were detected before the age of 1 year and 5 years, respectively. All critical CHD cases were detected in early infancy.

Conclusion There is a high burden of CHD seen in this study. Possible cause of this may be lack of specialized facility in this reason and study period included first and second wave of COVID. Further, large sample size studies and/or nationwide registry/database are needed to know the exact burden of CHD.

Keywords

congenital heart disease - India - prevalence - echocardiography - pattern

Source(s) of Support

None.




Publication History

Article published online:
14 July 2022

© 2022. Medical and Surgical Update Society. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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