Evaluation of the biocompatibility of calcium phosphate-based bone adhesive components

Introduction The traditional approach in treating bone fractures with osteosynthesis uses screws, wires or plates for the connection of bone fragments. This usually requires a follow-up surgery in order to remove metal implants. Biodegradable bone adhesive could replace the usage of the screws and plates and would remove the need for the second surgery. Additionally, it could be used regardless of the bone fragments size and on hard-to-reach areas [1]. The aim of this project is to investigate how a calcium phosphate-based bone adhesive is affecting cell biological processes of bone healing.

Material and Methods LDH assay was used to assess the potential cytotoxicity of the bone adhesive components: Anionic CaP/CMC nanoparticles (CaP – calcium phosphate; CMC – carboxymethyl cellulose) and cationic nanoparticles CaP/CMC/PLL (PLL – poly-L-lysine). The potential cytotoxicity was tested on THP-1 cells, MG-63 and hMSCs at three different time points: 24, 48 and 72 hours.

Results CaP/CMC/PLL nanoparticles had no cytotoxic effect on any of the tested cell lines at low doses. At high doses, CaP/CMC nanoparticles showed a cytotoxic effect (cell viability 40%) on THP-1 and MG-63 cells after either 48 or 72 hours of incubation. A similar effect was observed with hMSCs, where CaP/CMC had a cytotoxic effect after 48h, but cell viability was restored at the last time point.

Conclusion CaP/CMC/PLL nanoparticles had no cytotoxic effect on the main cell types present in the bone. Further studies will focus on the modification of nanoparticles with a silica shell to enable covalent surface modifications.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
18. Oktober 2022

• References

• 1 Boeker KO. et al. Materials. 2019; 12 (23) p. 3975