Zusammenfassung
Zwischen 5 und 20 % aller Kinder leiden an einer gastroösophagealen
Refluxerkrankung (GERD), die zu Erosionen, Ulzera und Metaplasien der
Ösophagusschleimhaut führen kann. Überwindet der Mageninhalt in pathologischer
Häufigkeit und Intensität auch den kindlichen oberen Ösophagussphinkter, liegt
eine laryngopharyngeale Refluxerkrankung (LPRD) vor. Die mit einer kindlichen
LPRD assoziierten Symptome und Folgeerkrankungen sind äußerst vielfältig.
Abstract
LPRD in children is characterized by symptoms, clinical findings, and sequelae
caused by the reflux of gastric acid, bile acid or refluxate containing pepsin
beyond the esophagus. For diagnostic procedures and therapy of gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD) in children and adults widely accepted guidelines have
been established. However, diagnosis and therapy of LPRD in children remains a
continuous issue of inter- and intradisciplinary discussions. Although both GERD
and LPRD in children are reflux-induced diseases, these two entities are
different in symptoms, cause, diagnostic procedures, and therapy. Thus, the
terms GERD and LPRD are not eligible to be used as synonyms.
Otorhinolaryngologists are becoming more and more involved in the management of
children with suspicious LPRD. With flexible transnasal laryngopharyngoscopy
being one of the most important diagnostic tools for LPRD detection,
otorhinolaryngologists play an important role in the interdisciplinary
diagnostic network of physicians treating children with suspected LPRD. The
present article highlights age-dependent clinical symptoms, diagnostic tools,
differential diagnoses, and adequate therapy for pediatric LPRD.
Schlüsselwörter
Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde - Reflux - laryngopharyngeale Refluxerkrankung - Magensaft
- Endoskopie - gastroösophageale Refluxerkrankung
Key words
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease - Reflux - Otorhinolaryngology - endoscopy - gastroesophageal
reflux disease
