Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2017; 142(18): 1379-1389
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-109522
CME-Fortbildung
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Multiple endokrine Neoplasie

Multiple endocrine neoplasia
Ludwig Schaaf
,
Friedhelm Raue
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
08. September 2017 (online)

Abstract

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and 2 are hereditary cancer syndromes. They are characterized by the occurrence of many benign and malignant tumor types, in MEN1 parathyroid tumors, pituitary tumors, and pancreas tumors, in MEN2 medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and parathyroid tumors. The autosomal dominant inherited tumor syndromes are caused by mutations in the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene, and mutations in the RET gene, an activated oncogene, in MEN2. The clinical expression of the different tumors can vary within and between families, with a good genotype-phenotype correlation in MEN2. Early diagnosis and therapy is possible by using biochemical and imaging screening in the families. Early thyroidectomy in young patients with MEN2 results in a high cure rate of MTC.

Die multiple endokrine Neoplasie (MEN) gehört zu den autosomal-dominant vererbbaren Tumorsyndromen. Wegen Mutationen im MEN-1-Gen bzw. im RET-Protoonkogen entwickeln MEN-Patienten benigne und maligne endokrine Tumoren – teilweise bereits im Kindesalter. Dieser Beitrag schildert, wie der gezielte Einsatz der molekulargenetischen Untersuchung und der spezifischen Tumormarker eine Frühdiagnose und ggf. Heilung der malignen Tumoren ermöglicht.

 
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