Individuelle und gesellschaftliche Aspekte des E-Zigaretten-Konsums aus der Perspektive der Konsumierenden: Ein qualitativer Ansatz

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Sowohl der Bekanntheitsgrad als auch die Nutzung von elektronischen Zigaretten (E-Zigaretten) sind in den vergangenen Jahren rapide angestiegen. Der gesundheitliche Nutzen eines Umstiegs von Tabakprodukten auf E-Zigaretten sowie das bisher ungeklärte Langzeitrisiko des Konsums führten zu einem Public Health-Dilemma.

Methodik Qualitative explorative Inhaltsanalyse der Freitexte von 1969 aktuell E-Zigaretten konsumierenden Personen, die an einer Online-Befragung zu Konsumgewohnheiten und Motiven von E-Zigarettennutzenden teilgenommen haben.

Ergebnisse 4 Hauptthemen wurden identifiziert: E-Zigaretten im (1) politischen sowie im (2) gesellschaftlichen Kontext, (3) Motive und subjektiver Nutzen des Konsums und (4) E-Zigaretten Equipment. Aufgrund der wahrgenommenen positiven gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen des Umstiegs von Tabakprodukten auf E-Zigaretten und der Erleichterung, nicht mehr tabakabhängig zu sein, wird ein freier Zugang zu E-Zigaretten gefordert. Eine Regulierung hinsichtlich des Jugendschutzes und mit Blick auf die Sicherheit von Geräten und der Qualität des Liquids wird befürwortet.

Diskussion Die befragten E-Zigaretten-Konsumierenden bieten sich als Partner bei politischen Entscheidungen und für Forschungsfragen an.

Abstract

Background Awareness and use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have increased rapidly over the years. Reported health benefits when switching from tobacco products to e-cigarettes and unclear long-term risks of e-cigarettes lead to a public health dilemma.

Design Qualitative content analysis of open-ended questions of 1996 study participants. Data were gained from an online survey of e-cigarette users regarding their motives and consumption habits.

Findings 4 themes were identified: e-cigarettes in the context of (1) policy and (2) society, (3) motives and subjective benefits of e-cigarette use and (4) e-cigarette equipment. Due to perceived positive health effects when switching from tobacco products to e-cigarettes and the relief of being no longer dependent on tobacco, free access to e-cigarettes is demanded. Regulation on protecting youth, the safety of devices and quality of liquids is advocated.

Conclusions E-cigarette users offer themselves as partners in political decisions and research questions.

Schlüsselwörter

elektrische Zigarette - elektronische Zigarette - E-Zigarette - Inhaltsanalyse - qualitative Forschung

Key words

electronic cigarette - e-cigarette - content analysis - qualitative research

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