Gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: insights into pathogenesis for novel therapeutic strategies

Yongbo Kang; Wei Pan; Yue Cai

doi:10.1055/s-0043-116387

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie, Table of Contents

Z Gastroenterol 2017; 55(09): 872-880
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-116387

Übersicht

Gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: insights into pathogenesis for novel therapeutic strategies

Darmflora und Darmkrebs: Einblicke in die Pathogenese für neue Therapiestrategien

Authors

Yongbo Kang^*

¹Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China

²Genetics and Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
Wei Pan^*

³Faculty of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
Yue Cai

¹Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China

⁴Pathogen biology Laboratory, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC), as a leading cause of cancer-related death, is triggered by the complex interplay of host genetics and environmental factors. Mounting evidence has shed light on the association of the gut microbiota dysbiosis with CRC. In CRC experimental models, certain gut microbial strains have been shown to inhibit or attenuate immune responses, indicating that specific species among intestinal commensal bacteria may play either a pathogenic or a protective role in the development of CRC. Oral intake of probiotics/prebiotics can therefore serve as a therapeutic approach for CRC treatment. Microbiota studies in cancer, however, are still at the early stage, lack of quantitative data for clinic application. Fortunately, sequencing-based technologies are a boon to further investigation on the association of the intestinal bacterial flora and human diseases. This review considers the evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in CRC development and progression, responsiveness to immune system, and the related therapeutic applications of probiotics/prebiotics.

Zusammenfassung

Darmkrebs (CRC), als eine Hauptursache für die krebsbedingten Todesfälle, wird durch das komplexe Zusammenspiel von Wirtsgenetik- und Umweltfaktoren verursacht. Die wachsende Gewissheit hat die Assoziation der Dysbiose der Darmflora mit CRC deutlich gemacht. In CRC-experimentellen Modellen wurde gezeigt, dass bestimmte Bakterienstämme des Darms Immunantworten hemmen oder abschwächen, was darauf hindeutet, dass bestimmte Arten von intestinale kommensalen Bakterien entweder eine pathogene oder eine schützende Rolle bei der Entwicklung von CRC spielen können. Die orale Einnahme von Probiotika/Präbiotika kann daher als Therapieansatz für die CRC-Behandlung dienen. Die Krebsforschungen von Mikrobenflora sind jedoch noch in der Frühphase, mangelnde quantitative Daten für die klinische Anwendung. Glücklicherweise sind sequenzbasiertee Technologien ein Segen für weitere Untersuchungen über die Assoziation der intestinalen bakteriellen Flora und menschlichen Krankheiten. Die Übersicht betrachtet die Beweise für die Rolle der Darmflora in der Entwicklung und Progression von CRC, Ansprechbarkeit des Immunsystems und die entsprechenden therapeutischen Anwendungen von Probiotika/Präbiotika.

Schlüsselwörter

Darmflora - Darmkrebs (CRC) - Immunität - Probiotika/Präbiotika

Key words

gut microbiota - colorectal cancer (CRC) - immunity - probiotics/prebiotics

Full Text

References

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